Pharmaceuticals enter the body orally, intramuscularly, intravenously. Infusion therapy involves the introduction directly into the bloodstream of solutions that regulate the activity of organs and systems. Droppers to improve cerebral circulation and vascular condition are prescribed when it is necessary to quickly achieve a therapeutic effect.
The brain is sensitive to oxygen deficiency, which occurs due to stroke - acute cerebrovascular accident. Drip infusion of drugs quickly improves the patient’s well-being, helps restore brain function, and prevents the development of stroke. Infusion therapy reduces neurological deficits by eliminating disorders associated with dysfunction of brain regions.
Advantages and disadvantages of using IVs
When administered intravenously, the rate of absorption of the drug depends on the state of capillary blood flow. The main advantages of using droppers to improve the structure of the walls and normalize the tone of blood vessels in the brain:
- The maximum concentration of the drug in the blood is quickly achieved and the therapeutic effect occurs.
- The possibility of treatment with drugs that are destroyed, change the composition and properties in other forms of administration, for example, react with gastric juice, enzymes when taken orally.
- The ability to calculate the final exact concentration in blood plasma.
- Possibility of infusion of drugs that provoke swelling and tissue necrosis when administered intramuscularly or subcutaneously.
Among the disadvantages of infusion therapy, it is worth noting the painfulness of the procedure, the high risk of infection, and the need for the participation of qualified medical personnel. The development of embolism is possible - blockage of elements of the blood flow system by foreign particles and gas bubbles. The likelihood of embolism increases with the infusion of oily solutions, emulsions and suspensions.
What IV medications are recommended to cleanse blood vessels?
"Cavinton"
"Cavinton" is excellent for cleaning the blood vessels of the brain; a doctor should definitely prescribe this drug. The product dilates the arteries, supplies the brain with oxygen, accelerates blood flow, and gets rid of excess glucose.
In the form of a solution for a dropper, this remedy relieves vasospasm and lowers blood pressure, plus toxins are removed from the blood, and all this together helps speed up metabolism.
The drug contains semi-synthetic substances of the periwinkle alkaloid. Plus, it contains flavonoids, microelements and vitamins necessary specifically for blood vessels. The product is excellent for cleaning blood vessels in case of atherosclerosis, gets rid of cholesterol plaques, and helps with pathologies of blood circulation in the brain. The exact dosage of administration should be checked with your doctor. Analogs of this drug include Inex and Vinpocetine.
"Xanthinol Nicotinate"
A product that is suitable for use as a dropper to cleanse the blood vessels of the brain. The main effects of the drug are to increase blood flow, reduce cerebral hypoxia, and accelerate metabolism. Cleaning of arteries with this drug is carried out due to its vasodilating properties.
Only a doctor can prescribe this drug for an IV. In addition to this remedy, attention can be paid to its analogues, for example, “Megemin”, “Teonikol”, and also “Sadamin”.
"Mexidol"
If a violation of the blood supply to the brain manifests itself in an acute form, the doctor prescribes just such a drip. The drug also shows high effectiveness in vegetative-vascular dystonia and cerebral atherosclerosis.
Important! It is worth paying attention to such possible side effects as dry mouth, mild nausea.
This vascular dropper contains the substance pyridoxine. So, this remedy is absolutely not suitable for people who are allergic to vitamin B6.
You need to understand that the need to supply an IV for cleaning blood vessels is determined by the doctor and everything is carried out in a hospital hospital. Under no circumstances should you choose a drug on your own, determine its dosage, or administer an IV at home without the doctor’s knowledge. Such amateur activities can lead to serious complications. Be healthy and take care of yourself!
The supply of oxygen to the brain depends on the state of the vascular system as a whole. Symptoms of cerebral circulation disorders are dizziness, migraines, tinnitus, decreased cognitive function. These complications significantly worsen the quality of life and signal serious problems in the body. A catastrophic case of sudden loss of blood supply to the brain is a stroke or hemorrhage resulting from a head injury. All these cases require treatment and observation by a doctor.
Types of drugs for droppers
Droppers are installed in a hospital setting. Drip infusions are indicated when large volumes of fluid are needed. An intravenous drip system is a collection of hollow tubes and transition mechanisms that regulate the rate at which the drug enters the bloodstream. The catheter is placed in the peripheral or vena cava. How useful drips are for the blood vessels of the brain depends on the type of medication administered. The main reasons for the deterioration of blood supply:
- Spasms of the smooth muscles of the vascular wall.
- Atherosclerotic changes in the structure of blood vessels.
- Formation of blood clots.
Brain infections, chronic and acute intoxications, and traumatic brain injuries can provoke such disorders. The action of pharmaceutical preparations for drip infusion is mainly aimed at expanding the vascular lumen and increasing the volume of blood flowing to the brain structures.
The best IVs for cerebral vessels
- The drug Cavinton is developed on the basis of the alkaloid vincamine, which is found in Vinca minor. This is a semi-synthetic drug containing a complex of flavonoids with vitamins and microelements. Removes excess glucose and toxins, relaxes blood vessels, normalizes blood pressure, promotes dilation of cerebral arteries, and dissolution of cholesterol plaques. It is administered using a sodium chloride solution using a dropper and is often prescribed for cerebral vessels. Contraindicated for low blood pressure and pregnancy.
- A sorbitol dropper improves microcirculation in ischemic areas and restores blood flow, which is important for dilating blood vessels in the brain.
- Cerebrolysin and Actovegin prevent oxygen starvation and activate energy metabolism through glucose transport. Each drug is administered as a dropper and is very effective for cerebral circulation.
List of drugs that improve blood circulation
In case of acute stroke, the doctor prescribes drugs to dilate blood vessels in the brain, nootropic, neuroprotective, antihyperglycemic and other drugs for drips. Resuscitation therapy is carried out:
- Stabilization of glucose levels.
- Gradual decrease in blood pressure.
- Correction of metabolic processes.
- Prevention of complications of thromboembolic and infectious etiology.
IV medications to dilate blood vessels in the brain, lower blood pressure, and provide emergency relief for ischemic stroke include:
- Labetalol (non-selective β-blocker). For drip administration, Labetalol injection solution is diluted with sodium chloride (isotonic solution) or glucose. Common side effects: dizziness, itchy skin, feeling tired, nausea. Contraindications: acute heart failure, atrioventricular block.
- Nicardipine. Dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker. Droppers with Nicardipine are indicated for spasm of blood vessels in the brain.
- Actilyse. Thrombolytic agent, plasminogen activator, a glycoprotein that converts plasminogen into plasmin, which leads to the dissolution of a blood (fibrin) clot. Contraindications: intracranial hemorrhage, stroke or traumatic brain injury in the previous 3 months. The drug is not prescribed if heparin therapy has been previously performed, and for patients over 80 years of age.
- Pentoxifylline. Improves rheological parameters of blood by inhibiting platelet aggregation.
Alpha-blockers are shown, which not only expand the vascular lumen, but also restore peripheral circulation. A glucose solution for infusion is prescribed if hypoglycemia (a critical decrease in blood glucose levels) manifests itself as an acute ischemic stroke, including arterial hypertension and neurological deficit.
In this case, glucose is used to stabilize the patient’s blood pressure and general condition, which helps improve cerebral circulation. The solution is usually administered through a central venous catheter. The list of names of drugs for drips to increase the tone of blood vessels in the brain and normalize cerebral circulation includes neuroprotectors.
Drugs for the primary protection of neurons interrupt rapid reactions of oxidative stress (glutamate-calcium “cascade”), preventing oxidative processes involving free radicals. Therapy with these drugs is indicated in the first hours after the development of acute cerebral ischemia. Secondary neuroprotection reduces the negative consequences of ischemia by blocking proinflammatory cytokines and enzymes, cell adhesion molecules.
In parallel with pharmaceuticals that improve the tone of blood vessels in the brain, droppers are prescribed to protect neurons with different compositions. What kind of drips are placed in case of cerebrovascular accident to protect neurons (primary and secondary neuroprotection):
- Magnesium sulfate. Inhibits the development of oxidative stress (inhibits the release of glutamate, a mediator involved in the reaction), preventing large-scale neuronal damage. For slow drip infusion, use a solution. At the same time, blood pressure is monitored.
- Piracetam (Nootropil). As a result of application, the two-layer structure of the cell membrane and its stability are restored.
- Cyto-Mac (Cytochrome C). Improves cellular metabolism, stimulates regeneration processes. Eliminates the effects of hypoxia (oxygen starvation) of brain tissue.
- Reamberin (a preparation based on succinic acid). It has an antioxidant effect, normalizes the level of serotonin and histamine in the brain, and restores the activity of the enzyme cytochrome oxidase.
- Cytoflavin. Metabolic combination drug with antihypoxic effect, consisting of Riboxin, succinic acid, vitamins B2 and PP.
A neurologist will tell you what to apply in case of damage to blood vessels and the circulatory system of the brain, to protect neurons, prevent the consequences of ischemia and stroke. An individual consultation with a neurologist is necessary to select a treatment program, taking into account concomitant somatic diseases, contraindications, the patient’s age and other factors.
Cavinton
Cavinton is a corrector of disorders occurring in the cerebral circulatory system. It has antihypoxic, antiaggregation, neuroprotective effects, dilates blood vessels, stimulates blood flow in brain tissue.
Xanthinol nicotinate
Xanthinol nicotinate is an angioprotector that improves blood microcirculation. The action of Xanthinol nicotinate is based on blocking phosphodiesterase, reducing the calcium content in the smooth muscles of the vascular wall, and interacting with adenosine receptors.
Accelerates the delivery of oxygen to neurons, improves the nutrition of brain tissue, inhibits the process of platelet aggregation, and stimulates collateral circulation. In case of acute disturbances of cerebral blood flow, intravenous drip infusion is recommended.
Eufillin
Eufillin is indicated for the treatment of cerebrovascular accidents occurring in acute and chronic forms. Used as part of combination therapy. It is a phosphodiesterase inhibitor, blocks adenosine receptors, inhibits the transport of calcium ions, preventing its penetration through cell membranes. Dilates blood vessels, eliminates spasms of smooth muscles of the vascular wall, slows down platelet aggregation, stimulates the activity of the heart muscle.
Mexidol
Mexidol contains a structural analogue of vitamin B6 (Emoxipin) and succinic acid. Mexidol, which improves cellular respiration, also affects the mechanisms of oxidative stress, inhibiting its development. It has an anticonvulsant effect and protects cell membranes from damage. Contraindications: liver, kidney failure, pregnancy or lactation, childhood.
Composition of cerebrovascular drips
The composition of droppers that improve blood circulation in the brain depends on the specific reason for which the infusions are prescribed.
A mandatory component of such droppers is medications that improve cerebral circulation. If drips for cerebral vessels are prescribed after a stroke, then they must add drugs that prevent even the smallest blood clots from forming.
If the patient is hypertensive, then antispasmodics, for example, Papaverine and Dibazol, will be added to the solution. In order to reduce the oxygen demand of neurons (brain cells), calcium channel blockers, for example, Verapamil, are used.
At the same time, alpha-blockers are also used - drugs that prevent “stress hormones” - adrenaline, norepinephrine and similar compounds from constricting blood vessels, which helps prevent increases in blood pressure.
Antispasmodics
The first task of a doctor, if he receives a patient with a transient ischemic attack, is to restore normal blood supply to the brain. A transient ischemic attack is a temporary disruption of the blood supply to an area of the brain. The condition is very similar to a stroke, but, unlike this terrible disease, it is transient, that is, without consequences.
However, this is the first signal that next time everything could be much more serious and the patient needs serious and long-term treatment, including, possibly, intravenous drips for the brain.
One of the most common causes of transient ischemic attacks is vascular spasms, which is why cerebrovascular drips often include antispasmodics.
Any drugs in this group must be used very carefully so as not to cause a significant decrease in blood pressure due to the fact that the blood vessels relax when emerging from a spasmodic state.
Depending on the patient’s condition, Papaverine, Dibazol (or a combination thereof), Drotaverine (No-shpa) or Eufillin can be added to the cerebrovascular drip for him.
All of these drugs reduce the amount of calcium in the smooth muscles and thereby prevent repeated excessive contractions of the muscles of the artery walls.
Antiplatelet agents for cerebral blood flow
Everyone knows that to reduce blood viscosity, and, accordingly, to prevent such serious diseases as heart attacks and strokes, they drink Acetylsalicylic acid (it is called Aspirin) in so-called cardio doses, which are several times lower than usual. Droppers for cerebral vessels also contain drugs with this effect. Pentoxifylline is often used in such cases.
Reducing blood viscosity not only significantly reduces the risk of blood clots, which can clog a vessel and cause a stroke. This effect directly improves blood flow in the capillaries due to the fact that it is easier for red blood cells to pass through small vessels in which blood cells literally line up and pass into the lumen one at a time.
Pentoxifylline in acute conditions, when tablets are not enough and droppers are needed, is much better than aspirin. Firstly, the drug does not have the unpleasant side effect of high doses of Acetylsalicylic acid - which provokes bleeding.
Secondly, it has additional properties: Pentoxifylline dilates the cardiac arteries, which improves the supply of oxygen to the heart, and in addition, it is used to dilate blood vessels throughout the body, including the smallest ones. By doing this, it improves blood supply to parts of the body distant from the heart.
Droppers with antiplatelet agents are prescribed, as a rule, only after examining the patient’s blood coagulation system. This analysis is called a coagulogram and is widely used in medical practice.
Difficulties in prescribing antiplatelet drugs for cerebral blood flow arise in patients with low blood pressure or uncontrolled hypertension.
In such cases, the doctor evaluates the possible risks and benefits for the patient and, if necessary, prescribes antiplatelet agents in another form, for example, in tablets.
Alpha blockers for cerebrovascular disorders
Alpha adrenergic blockers in cerebrovascular drips consolidate and enhance the effect of antispasmodics. Under the influence of the most powerful hormones of the adrenal glands - adrenaline and norepinephrine - the tone of even calcium-depleted muscles can increase, and, having difficulty achieving vasodilation, a spasm occurs again.
These hormones are produced under stress, and when a person feels bad, he definitely experiences stress. Even simply being in a treatment room, and even more so in a hospital, can cause excessive release of adrenaline. Therefore, neurology cannot do without substances that block their harmful effects.
One of the drugs of this group that doctors love is Nicergoline, which some people mistakenly take for a nootropic medicine (that improves brain nutrition). Although, of course, due to the absence of spasms of the vessels of the head, the nutrition of the brain improves: red blood cells give nutrients to the neurons without haste and fuss, they do not have to make their way through the narrow winding capillaries in a situation where other cells are pressing behind them, which have nowhere to go from the spasmodic arteries. In this situation, gas exchange between tissues and blood improves significantly.
Calcium channel blockers
The mechanism of action of these drugs is already described in the section “Anspasmodics”. It is also worth pointing out that calcium channels are fast and slow. Antispasmodics act mainly on fast ones.
They are used most often when the patient needs help as quickly as possible. Slow calcium channel blockers are a diverse group of medications, and the doctor selects a specific drug based on the condition of the individual patient.
Some of them, according to modern data, are capable of cleaning blood vessels, that is, slowing down the development of atherosclerosis; third-generation drugs reduce the effects of adrenaline and similar hormones and, accordingly, reduce the effect on the vessels of the sympathetic nervous system, reducing the likelihood of severe spasms.
Calcium channel blockers are widely available in tablet form, but there are also those that are used in IVs for cerebral vessels.
Medicines that improve cerebral circulation
They are also called nootropics. The purpose of such drugs in droppers for brain vessels is to improve the nutrition of brain cells (neurons). It is clear that these drugs work best in a situation where cerebral circulation is already normalized, otherwise they simply will not be able to reach the necessary cells.
These drugs require long-term use in order for their effect to manifest themselves, so they are practically not used in emergency therapy, and if there is a need for their intravenous administration, then when the patient feels better, he will be transferred to injections (injections), and then to pills.
There are many drugs to improve cerebral circulation, and they are often prescribed by selection method, since patients may have individual reactions to the drug - this is often found in reviews of a particular drug. They are usually not severe and manifest themselves in the form of increased irritability or, conversely, weakness and apathy.
In such cases, you just need to replace the drug so that the treatment is not accompanied by unpleasant sensations. For some, Piracetam, known to everyone since the 1990s under the trade name “Nootropil,” is better suited; for others, the yellow solution of Cerebrolysin helps well; there are those who tolerate Phenibut well. The effect of all these drugs is the same, the question is which one is better for whom.
Contraindications
General contraindications to the use of IVs for cleaning and treating blood vessels in the brain are the following pathologies and conditions:
- Damage to the skin and subcutaneous fat in the area where the catheter is installed.
- Atrophic changes in muscle tissue.
- Phlebitis of the bloodstream elements into which a drip infusion of the drug is planned.
It is prohibited to drip infusion of drugs that provoke protein coagulation and hemolysis (destruction) of red blood cells. Complications often occur in the form of a hematoma at the site where the needle or catheter is installed.
Droppers for the treatment of acute and chronic circulatory disorders in the brain are an effective method that can significantly improve the patient’s well-being in a short time. With intravenous administration prescribed by a doctor, the maximum dose of the medicinal substance in the blood is quickly reached, and the therapeutic effect occurs faster.
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Advantages of IVs
For the normal functioning of blood vessels, tablets and injections are used. Their distinctive features have long-lasting results. The main problem with tablets is that the body cannot absorb the components fully. The amount of digestibility corresponds to 60% .
The problem with injections is injury to the skin during problematic injection. Droppers can have the desired effect a few minutes after the start of administration, the components work fully.
In dangerous situations where emergency medical care is needed, doctors only use IVs that are used in such situations. Specialists use only IVs in difficult situations:
- With a protracted treatment process.
- For preventive purposes.
- For rapid transportation of beneficial microelements to the brain.
- When you need to administer medications in large quantities.
Different drugs have different indications:
- Skin disorders.
- Inflammation in the veins.
- Predisposition to swelling.
- Heart failure.
Droppers are absorbed faster, effective microelements enter the bloodstream, which are easy to dose correctly.
There is no harmful effect on the gastrointestinal tract. The number of side effects does not change compared to tablet medications. When conditionally dividing drugs intended to eliminate a disease, the following types can be distinguished:
- Antiplatelet agents that prevent blood clots.
- Nootropics that stabilize metabolism in the head.
- Adrenergic blockers increase the volume of blood vessels and stimulate the growth of cell mass.
- Antispasmodics.
- Combined drugs.
More often, neurosurgeons prefer to install IVs that improve blood circulation in the head.
Caventon is a plant that cleanses blood vessels in the head. It is created on the basis of an alkaloid, vincamine, extracted from the periwinkle herb. Its use is necessary in the following situations:
- Too much glucose accumulates.
- To stabilize blood circulation in the head.
- For spasms.
- High blood pressure.
- Increased volume of arteries.
- The presence of toxins in the blood and cholesterol plaques.
Cavinton should not be used by a patient with low blood pressure while pregnant. This medicine is administered with a solution in a dosage determined by a healthcare professional. It has several names and analogues, the list of which includes: Bravinton, Vincetin, Vinpotropil .
Xanthinol nicotinate is a chemical based on the work of nicotinic acid and theophylline. Promotes the enlargement of blood vessels, has an anti-sclerotic effect.
The medicine helps:
- Stopping platelet aggregation.
- Stimulation of microcirculation.
- Stabilizes cerebral circulation.
- Stimulates metabolism.
- Reduces cerebral hypoxia.
- Has a vasodilating effect.
This use is required for people suffering from atherosclerosis of the blood vessels of the legs and brain, thrombophlebitis, migraines, as well as patients with Raynaud's disorder. All medications have side effects, redness, dizziness. The medicine is contraindicated in patients with gastrointestinal ulcers, problems with the heart, after a heart attack with severe bleeding.
Eufillin is prescribed to patients only if there are spasms in the bronchi area, during asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Mexidol promotes the restoration of brain tissue damaged as a result of a stroke or heart attack. The drug helps improve microcirculation and is effective in treating significant circulatory problems in the treatment of atherosclerosis.
Medicines to stabilize blood circulation
Medicines for the treatment of NMC are divided into several subcategories, taking into account the mechanism of their development:
- Nootropics help change metabolic processes in the head.
- Antispasmodics stabilize blood flow by eliminating vascular spasm.
- Calcium channel blockers affect microcirculation.
- Disaggregants block the formation of blood clots.
- Alpha adrenergic blockers dilate blood vessels and stabilize cellular metabolism.
- Combined remedies affect several diseases.
Regardless of the fact that long-term treatment with intrauterine injections is not practiced, parenteral use of drugs has the following advantages:
- Rapid absorption into the blood.
- Increased efficiency.
- Dosage accuracy.
- It is possible to treat patients with complex conditions.
