Intrapersonal conflict: causes, types and ways to get rid of it

Example

Most people are afraid of change. For example, there was a rumor in the organization that layoffs, reorganization of departments, and complete restructuring were coming. As a result, information is understood by employees as a threat of unemployment, an inevitable disaster and associated difficulties. Each employee experiences the received data differently. Some are trying to curry favor in order to stay in the workplace after the reform, others are frantically looking for a new job. For the second group of people, the new conditions caused panic - they had already mentally lost their jobs, were left without income and were ready for any alternative that promised stability. The situation doesn’t exist yet, but panic, insomnia and frayed nerves already exist. Future problems need to be adequately assessed only when the reliable conditions of the uncomfortable situation are known.

Gossip

Intrapersonal conflicts

Intrapersonal conflict is a difficult to resolve contradiction caused by a clash between approximately equal in strength, but oppositely directed interests, needs, drives, etc.

There are certain indicators of intrapersonal conflict:

1. cognitive sphere: decreased self-esteem, awareness of your condition as a psychological dead end, delayed decision-making, deep doubts about the truth of the principles that previously guided you;

2. emotional sphere: psycho-emotional stress, frequent and significant negative experiences;

3. behavioral sphere: decreased quality and intensity of activity, decreased satisfaction with activity, negative emotional background of communication;

4. integral indicators: deterioration of the adaptation mechanism, increased stress.

Intrapersonal conflicts can be clearly classified. The basis will be the differentiation of the structures of a person’s inner world that come into conflict.

The following types of intrapersonal conflicts are distinguished:

Hysterical – characterized by inflated claims of the individual combined with an underestimation of objective conditions or the demands of others.

Obsessive-psychasthenic - characterized by contradictory personal needs, the struggle between desire and duty, between moral principles and personal behavior.

Neurosthenic – characterized by a contradiction between the individual’s capabilities and his inflated demands on himself.

Of course, when talking about intrapersonal conflicts, you need to understand that intrapersonal conflict does not exist in its “pure form.” They are always the result of the influence of the social environment on the individual.

In the general group of intrapersonal conflicts, two subgroups can be distinguished:

1. conflicts that arise as a result of the transition of objective contradictions into the inner world (moral conflicts, adaptation)

2. conflicts arising from contradictions in the inner world of the individual (motivational, inadequate self-esteem). They reflect the individual's attitude towards the environment.

Like any other conflicts, intrapersonal conflicts can be constructive and destructive.

A constructive conflict is one that is characterized by maximum development of conflicting structures and minimal costs for its resolution. By overcoming such conflicts we move forward.

A conflict is considered destructive if it aggravates a split personality, develops into a life crisis, or leads to the development of neurotic reactions.

Overcoming intrapersonal conflict is the restoration of coherence in the inner world of the individual, the establishment of unity of consciousness, reducing the severity of contradictions in life relationships, and achieving a new quality of life. Resolution of intrapersonal conflict can be constructive and destructive. When constructively overcoming intrapersonal conflict, mental balance is achieved, understanding of life deepens, and a new value consciousness arises. The resolution of intrapersonal conflict is realized through: the absence of painful conditions associated with the existing conflict; reducing the manifestations of negative psychological and socio-psychological factors of intrapersonal conflict; improving the quality and efficiency of professional activities.

Depending on individual characteristics, people approach intrapersonal conflicts differently and choose their own strategies for getting out of conflict situations. The properties of temperament influence the dynamic side of resolving intrapersonal conflicts: the speed of experiences, their stability, individual rhythm of flow, intensity, direction outward or inward.

The problem of intrapersonal conflict and solutions

MINISTRY OF EDUCATION SCIENCE

LUGANSK PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC

STATE EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION OF SECONDARY VOCATIONAL EDUCATION OF THE LUGANSK PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC “LUGANSK STATE COLLEGE OF ECONOMICS AND TRADE”

REPORT

to the meeting of the methodological association of practical psychologists

GOU SPO LPR

on the topic “The problem of intrapersonal conflict and solutions”

Prepared

Practical psychologist

Orlova K.A

Lugansk - 2018

Conflicts within oneself seem to many to be the most difficult. But this is the normal state of a person who is developing. Intrapersonal conflicts motivate a person to improve and be critical of their judgments and behavior. It is only important to respond to them in a timely manner, understand their causes and find the most optimal solutions for yourself. The personality constantly produces and reproduces conflicts within itself - intrapersonal conflicts,

Intrapersonal conflicts are an acute negative experience caused by a protracted struggle between the structures of the individual’s inner world, reflecting contradictory connections with the social environment and delaying decision-making. Every person constantly exists in a conflict situation not only with the surrounding social environment, but above all with himself. And this is not something to be afraid of. For a mentally healthy individual, an internal conflict situation that does not go beyond the norm is quite natural. A person who considers himself always right and who always has a “calm conscience,” such a person, according to I. Kant, cannot be a moral person who is “never free from guilt.” And from the point of view of another great philosopher, V. Solovyov, this reveals the very essence of man, his difference from animals. It is no coincidence that he contrasts the rationalistic anthropologism of the Western European tradition, the thesis of R. Descartes: “I think, therefore I exist,” with his thesis: “I am ashamed, therefore I exist.”

The situation of intrapersonal tension and inconsistency, within a certain framework and degree, is not only natural, but also necessary

for the development and improvement of the individual himself. Any development cannot be carried out without internal contradictions, and where there are contradictions, there is also a basis for conflict. And if an intrapersonal conflict occurs within the limits of the measure, it is really necessary, because dissatisfaction with oneself, a critical attitude towards one’s own “I”, as a powerful internal engine, forces a person to follow the path of self-improvement and self-actualization.

Long before the scientific explanation of intrapersonal conflict, philosophical and literary literature made a great contribution to its description and understanding.

Let us remember F. M. Dostoevsky -

a brilliant representative of both philosophical and artistic creativity.
Everyone who is familiar with his works has repeatedly empathized with the suffering of their heroes, torn in introspection between different aspects of their feelings and consciousness, and more than once “tried on” the difficult situation of choice that stood before them. Internal conflicts have been studied by a huge number of psychologists, including Sigmund Freud, who was the first to point out the essence of this condition. He showed that human existence is associated with constant tension
and
overcoming the contradiction
between biological drives and human desires (primarily sexual) and socio-cultural norms, between the unconscious and consciousness.
According to Freud, the essence of intrapersonal conflict lies in this contradiction and constant confrontation between these parties. The main intrapersonal conflicts arise from the divergence of interests between the id and the superego. The mechanisms of sublimation, projection, rationalization, repression, regression, etc. help to overcome them. However, such processes do not always proceed successfully. A great contribution to the study of the problem of intrapersonal conflict was made by the German psychologist Kurt Lewin
(1890-1947), who defined it as a situation in which an individual
is simultaneously affected by opposing forces of equal magnitude.
In this regard, he identified
three
types of conflict situations.

A man is between two positive forces
approximately equal in size. This is the case of Buridan's donkey, located between two equal haystacks and dying of hunger.
A person is between two approximately equal negative forces.
A typical example is the situation of punishment. So, on the one hand, the child must complete an unattractive school task, and on the other hand, he faces punishment if he does not do it.
A person is simultaneously affected by two multidirectional forces
approximately equal in size and in the same place. For example, a child wants to pet a dog, but he is afraid of it, or wants to eat cake, but he is forbidden.

Humanistic psychology K. Rogers: the basis of the conflict is the contradiction that arises in the individual between conscious, but false self-esteem that a person acquires throughout life, and self-esteem at an unconscious level. A. Maslow considers the essence of intrapersonal conflict as an unfulfilled human need for self-actualization.

Another very popular theory of intrapersonal conflict today was developed by the Austrian psychologist and psychiatrist Viktor Frankl

. According to Frankl's concept, the main driving force in the life of every person is his search for the meaning of life and the struggle for it. But only a few manage to realize the meaning of life. Its absence gives rise to a state in a person, which he calls an existential vacuum, or a feeling of aimlessness and emptiness. It is the existential vacuum that gives rise to intrapersonal conflicts on a large scale, which are expressed most forcefully in “noogenic (nusogenic) neuroses” (from the gr. noos - meaning).

Types of intrapersonal conflicts

There are six main groups of internal conflicts that overtake each of us from time to time.

Motivational – a clash of different motives.
Moral is the clash of our desires and responsibilities. Very often it arises as a result of a discrepancy between our desires and the requirements of our parents or environment.
Unrealization or inferiority complex. This type of internal conflict occurs when your desires do not turn into reality. This often includes dissatisfaction with one's appearance or abilities.
Interrole conflict occurs when a person takes on two roles and cannot determine which of them is more acceptable to him. For example, a woman is a careerist or a mother.
An adaptation conflict arises if the requirements for the surrounding world do not correspond to the capabilities. Often found in the professional sphere.
Inadequate self-esteem arises as a result of discrepancies between one’s personal aspirations and the assessment of capabilities.

Indicators of intrapersonal conflict are in the cognitive sphere: decreased self-esteem, awareness of your condition as a psychological dead end, delayed decision-making, deep doubts about the truth of the principles that previously guided you.

Indicators of intrapersonal conflict in the emotional sphere: psycho-emotional tension, frequent and significant negative experiences;

behavioral sphere: decreased quality and intensity of activity, decreased satisfaction with activity, negative emotional background of communication;

integral indicators: deterioration of the adaptation mechanism, increased stress.

Resolution (overcoming) of intrapersonal conflict - restoring the coherence of the inner world of the individual, establishing the unity of consciousness, reducing the severity of the contradictions in life relationships, achieving a new quality of life.

The resolution of intrapersonal conflict is realized through: the absence of painful conditions associated with the existing conflict; reducing the manifestations of negative psychological and socio-psychological factors of intrapersonal conflict; improving the quality and efficiency of professional activities.

The solution to intrapersonal conflict can be constructive and destructive. During constructive

overcoming intrapersonal conflict, peace of mind is achieved, and understanding of life deepens.

Destructive consequences of intrapersonal conflicts: long-term intrapersonal conflict threatens effective activity; can inhibit the development of personality, lead to a loss of a person’s self-confidence, the formation of a stable inferiority complex, and sometimes to a loss of meaning in life.

According to Freud's theory, overcoming intrapersonal conflict is ensured by the formation and operation of psychological defense mechanisms. Psychological protection

Resolving intrapersonal conflicts involves the use of basic principles and methods that, taking into account individual specifics, can be used in various situations. These include the following steps:

1. An adequate assessment of the situation and the desire to identify those contradictions that caused the conflict and caused feelings of anxiety, fear or anger.

2. Awareness of the existential meaning of the conflict, analysis of the degree of its importance, assessment of the place and role from the point of view of the investigation.

3. Localization of the cause of the conflict, identifying its essence.

4. Analysis of the causes of intrapersonal conflict.

5. “Descent of steam” with the release of accumulated anger, emotions or anxiety using both physical exercise and creative activities.

6. Conducting individual relaxation training.

7. Change the conditions and / or style of your work, if intrapersonal conflict arises constantly due to unfavorable operating conditions.

8. Studying the possibility of reducing the level of aspirations if abilities and opportunities do not correspond to aspirations and interests.

9. Practicing the ability to forgive not only others, but also yourself.

10. Opportunities to cry. The American biochemist V. Frey, who specifically studied tears, discovered that when they are caused by negative emotions, they contain a substance that acts like morphine and has calming qualities. In his opinion, tears are a protective reaction to stress. Crying with tears serves as a signal to the brain, relieving tension, providing emotional release and relief.

1 slide The problem of intrapersonal conflict and solutions

of which she is the bearer.
And we can say without exaggeration that the whole life of a normal person is a conflict, and first of all, the conflict is not external, but internal, from which we cannot escape. Slide 2
Intrapersonal conflicts are acute negative experiences caused by a protracted struggle between the structures of the individual’s inner world, reflecting contradictory connections with the social environment and delaying decision-making. 3slide

Every person constantly exists in a conflict situation not only with the surrounding social environment, but above all with himself. And this is not something to be afraid of. For a mentally healthy individual, an internal conflict situation that does not go beyond the norm is quite natural. A person who considers himself always right and who always has a “calm conscience,” such a person, according to I. Kant, cannot be a moral person who is “never free from guilt.” And from the point of view of another great philosopher, V. Solovyov, this reveals the very essence of man, his difference from animals. It is no coincidence that he contrasts the rationalistic anthropologism of the Western European tradition, the thesis of R. Descartes: “I think, therefore I exist,” with his thesis: “I am ashamed, therefore I exist.”

The situation of intrapersonal tension and inconsistency, within a certain framework and degree, is not only natural, but also necessary

for the development and improvement of the individual himself.
Any development cannot be carried out without internal contradictions, and where there are contradictions, there is also a basis for conflict. Slide 4
And if an intrapersonal conflict occurs within the limits of the measure, it is really necessary, because dissatisfaction with oneself, a critical attitude towards one’s own “I”, as a powerful internal engine, forces a person to follow the path of self-improvement and self-actualization.

5slide

Long before the scientific explanation of intrapersonal conflict, philosophical and literary literature made a great contribution to its description and understanding.

Let us remember F. M. Dostoevsky -

a brilliant representative of both philosophical and artistic creativity.
Everyone who is familiar with his works has repeatedly empathized with the suffering of their heroes, torn in introspection between different aspects of their feelings and consciousness, and more than once “tried on” the difficult situation of choice that stood before them. Slide 6
Internal conflicts have been studied by a huge number of psychologists, including Sigmund Freud, who was the first to point out the essence of this condition.
He showed that human existence is associated with constant tension
and
overcoming the contradiction
between biological drives and human desires (primarily sexual) and socio-cultural norms, between the unconscious and consciousness.
Slide 7
This contradiction and constant confrontation between the named parties is, according to Freud, the essence of intrapersonal conflict.
The main intrapersonal conflicts arise from the divergence of interests between the id and the superego. The mechanisms of sublimation, projection, rationalization, repression, regression, etc. help to overcome them. However, such processes do not always proceed successfully. 8 slide
A great contribution to the study of the problem of intrapersonal conflict was made by the German psychologist
Kurt Lewin
(1890-1947), who defined it as a situation in which an individual
is simultaneously affected by opposing forces of equal magnitude.
In this regard, he identified
three
types of conflict situations.

A man is between two positive forces
approximately equal in size. This is the case of Buridan's donkey, located between two equal haystacks and dying of hunger.
A person is between two approximately equal negative forces.
A typical example is the situation of punishment. So, on the one hand, the child must complete an unattractive school task, and on the other hand, he faces punishment if he does not do it.
A person is simultaneously affected by two multidirectional forces
approximately equal in size and in the same place.
For example, a child wants to pet a dog, but he is afraid of it, or wants to eat cake, but he is forbidden. Slide 9

Another very popular theory of intrapersonal conflict today was developed by the Austrian psychologist and psychiatrist Viktor Frankl

.
According to Frankl's concept, the main driving force in the life of every person is his search for the meaning of life and the struggle for it. But only a few manage to realize the meaning of life. Its absence gives rise to a state in a person, which he calls an existential vacuum, or a feeling of aimlessness and emptiness. It is the existential vacuum that gives rise to intrapersonal conflicts on a large scale, which are expressed most forcefully in “noogenic (nusogenic) neuroses” (from the gr. noos - meaning). Slide 10
Types of intrapersonal conflicts

There are six main groups of internal conflicts that overtake each of us from time to time.

Motivational – a clash of different motives.
Moral is the clash of our desires and responsibilities. Very often it arises as a result of a discrepancy between our desires and the requirements of our parents or environment.
Unrealization or inferiority complex. This type of internal conflict occurs when your desires do not turn into reality. This often includes dissatisfaction with one's appearance or abilities.
Interrole conflict occurs when a person takes on two roles and cannot determine which of them is more acceptable to him. For example, a woman is a careerist or a mother.
An adaptation conflict arises if the requirements for the surrounding world do not correspond to the capabilities. Often found in the professional sphere.
Inadequate self-esteem arises as a result of discrepancies between one’s personal aspirations and the assessment of capabilities. 11 slide

Indicators of intrapersonal conflict in the emotional sphere: psycho-emotional tension, frequent and significant negative experiences;

behavioral sphere: decreased quality and intensity of activity, decreased satisfaction with activity, negative emotional background of communication;

integral indicators: deterioration of the adaptation mechanism, increased stress. Slide 13

The solution to intrapersonal conflict can be constructive and destructive. During constructive

overcoming intrapersonal conflict, peace of mind is achieved, and understanding of life deepens.

According to Freud's theory, overcoming intrapersonal conflict is ensured by the formation and operation of psychological defense mechanisms. Psychological protection

- a full-fledged, everyday functioning mechanism of the psyche.
Some researchers consider psychological defense to be an unproductive means of resolving intrapersonal conflict, since defense mechanisms limit the development of the individual and its “own activity.” Slide 15
Resolving intrapersonal conflicts involves the application of basic principles and methods that, taking into account individual specifics, can be used in various situations. These include the following steps:
16 slide
1. Adequate assessment of the situation and the desire to identify those contradictions that caused the conflict and caused feelings of anxiety, fear or anger.

2. Awareness of the existential meaning of the conflict, analysis of the degree of its importance, assessment of the place and role from the point of view of the investigation.

3. Localization of the cause of the conflict, identifying its essence.

4. Analysis of the causes of intrapersonal conflict.

5. “Descent of steam” with the release of accumulated anger, emotions or anxiety using both physical exercise and creative activities.

6. Conducting individual relaxation training.

7. Change the conditions and / or style of your work, if intrapersonal conflict arises constantly due to unfavorable operating conditions.

8. Studying the possibility of reducing the level of aspirations if abilities and opportunities do not correspond to aspirations and interests.

9. Practicing the ability to forgive not only others, but also yourself.

17, 18 slide

Types of intrapersonal conflicts

There are several types of internal conflict, which means that a person has to make a choice in different conditions, according to different criteria, among objects of different kinds.

Ambivalent

The origin of the name type "ambivalent" comes from the Latin language and has the meaning of duality. An intrapersonal conflict of this type is associated with a person’s inability to make a decision regarding a specific subject (object), because the duality of feelings does not make it possible to make a choice. This situation can be characterized by the phrase “I love and hate at the same time.”

Interesting. Often such a conflict is associated with a superficial study of the object. The more a person knows the source of his conflict, the easier it is to determine his attitude towards it.

An object that has both positive and negative qualities simultaneously attracts a person’s interest and warm feelings and at the same time repels some of its features. A caring but vague attitude leads to a psychological impasse and gives rise to a feeling of self-doubt.

Ambivalence

Equivalent

The term “equivalent” in English means “equivalent”. This type of intrapersonal conflict is characterized by almost complete identity of objects, among which the individual cannot make a choice. Both objects are capable of completely or almost completely replacing each other, while they are equally attractive, which leads to a state of confusion for a person.

In order to make a choice, a person has to give up one in favor of another. When he does not see the criteria that could help him in this, mental torment begins, which can give rise to internal conflict.

Vital

Vital is the concept of internal conflict that arises in the process of difficulty choosing between two unpleasant objects. The inability to choose between “two evils”, among which there is no lesser, is the cause of emotional distress.

Brief description of intrapersonal conflict

Intrapersonal conflicts can be conditionally defined as conflicts “between what is and what one would like to have.” Such a conflict can be represented as a struggle between positive and negative tendencies in the psyche of one subject. There are options when trends contain both positive and negative aspects at the same time.

Several mutually exclusive needs, goals, values, and interests can simultaneously exist in one person. Intrapersonal conflict is social.

Situations that cause intrapersonal conflicts include:

value conflicts;
conflicts between value and norm;
conflicts between value and need, etc.

One of the types of intrapersonal conflicts is unconscious internal conflict. It is based on conflict situations that we have already forgotten about. The reason for the resumption of an unconscious intrapersonal conflict may be circumstances similar to the previous unresolved situation.

People with conflicts, according to V. I. Speransky, can be divided into two groups: conflict-prone and conflict-prone. The first group includes constant opponents of the existing state of affairs. They are not so much interested in the search for truth as in their own position. The second group includes people with high self-esteem and the ability to gain trust. However, they are not able to maintain long-term friendly contacts and work conscientiously. Conflict-prone personalities most often become a source of emotional conflicts.

If a way out of the conflict is not found, and the increase in tension exceeds a certain threshold value, then a psychological breakdown occurs.

The positive effect of conflict is as follows:

the attractiveness of a not yet accessible goal increases;
the presence of an obstacle contributes to the mobilization of forces and means to overcome it;
intrapersonal conflict helps to increase the body's resistance to stress;
Positively resolved problems build character.

Each person should be able to manage his or her conflict potential: use it only in necessary cases when it is not possible to solve their problems by other means; direct conflict activity in the right direction, at the right time and in adequate proportions; restrain your “excessive” conflict and use it in other areas of life for the benefit of yourself and others. In addition, one must give the conflict an appropriate place (not dramatize it) and be able to extract certain benefits from a conflict situation (for example, useful experience).

Causes of intrapersonal misunderstandings

Having become familiar with the possible options for the development of mental illness, it is important to correctly diagnose the problem by determining the cause of mental disagreements. In modern society, people often turn to professionals for help for the following reasons:. Using your favorite behavioral strategies in an unfamiliar situation

The method used does not work, and uncertainty settles in the person’s mind. On the one hand, this method has already helped him, but from another perspective it turned out to be invalid. Inability to make fundamental and responsible decisions in a timely manner that will affect the outcome of events. Lack of the required amount of information to help “soberly” assess the current situation. At such a moment, a million options appear in the subconscious of the individual, which the person begins to sort out. Systematic “defeats” or dissatisfaction with one’s own way of life. The patient does not understand why he is haunted by failures, because he is a talented, educated and interesting person. Isolation and lack of communication with real people are the most common reasons for the emergence of imaginary friends in the subconscious with whom you can argue and talk. Childhood grievances or problems with self-esteem that arise among people who are unsure of their own abilities. Overwhelming obligations that appear on the “shoulders” of a person. When trying to solve a problem that is beyond the individual’s control, a moment of disappointment invariably comes. Hopelessness is the main reason for an individual to make “friends” on a subconscious level. If the patient cannot influence the result, then he tries to project it in his own head, enlisting the support of newly made “comrades”

Application of favorite behavioral strategies in an unfamiliar situation. The method used does not work, and uncertainty settles in the person’s mind. On the one hand, this method has already helped him, but from another perspective it turned out to be invalid. Inability to make fundamental and responsible decisions in a timely manner that will affect the outcome of events. Lack of the required amount of information to help “soberly” assess the current situation. At such a moment, a million options appear in the subconscious of the individual, which the person begins to sort out. Systematic “defeats” or dissatisfaction with one’s own way of life. The patient does not understand why he is haunted by failures, because he is a talented, educated and interesting person. Isolation and lack of communication with real people are the most common reasons for the emergence of imaginary friends in the subconscious with whom you can argue and talk. Childhood grievances or problems with self-esteem that arise among people who are unsure of their own abilities. Overwhelming obligations that appear on the “shoulders” of a person. When trying to solve a problem that is beyond the individual’s control, a moment of disappointment invariably comes. Hopelessness is the main reason for an individual to make “friends” on a subconscious level. If the patient cannot influence the result, then he tries to project it in his own head, enlisting the support of his newly made “comrades.”

If from the above reasons you have not found a similar option, then only a practicing psychologist can help in this situation. Only a professional who has already had experience working with people suffering from intrapersonal disagreements can diagnose the prerequisites. Do not think that the absence of your dilemma among the listed reasons is a reason to calm down. People will not read this article out of idle interest.

Bottom line

Intrapersonal conflict is common to all people. A person does not live in “greenhouse” conditions, where he can not worry about anything, not worry, and not encounter troubles. The outcome will depend personally on the person who sooner or later makes a certain decision after a long intrapersonal conflict.

Whatever decision a person makes, this is the path he will follow. And in the future, problems of a similar or different nature will arise again. The person will again make decisions that will affect his development and actions. This shapes his future, that is, the life he then lives.

Signs of conflict

The first sign of conflict is BIPOLARITY

Bipolarity, also called opposition, is both opposition and interconnectedness, which contains the internal potential of the existing contradiction. However, bipolarity itself does not mean struggle or clash.

The second sign of conflict is ACTIVITY

Activity here is understood as opposition and struggle. For activity to arise, an impulse is required, which is set on the part of the participant (subject) of the conflict by awareness of the conflict situation itself.

The third sign of conflict – SUBJECTS OF CONFLICT

The subject of the conflict is an active party capable of creating conflict situations, as well as influencing the process of the conflict, which, in turn, depends on his interests. Traditionally, subjects of conflict are distinguished by a unique type of thinking, called conflict. Contradiction can be a source of conflict situations only for those people who have a conflict mindset.

Next, we will look at the classification of conflicts and talk about what their types and forms exist.

Properties of intrapersonal conflict

When contradictions are constantly operating within, an individual cannot find balance or harmony. The mind constantly argues in favor of one or the other, but it cannot completely overcome the contradictions. He experiences discomfort that he may not even notice. The main sign of internal conflict is a violation of internal harmony. The consequences resemble a collapsing house of cards. Following constant discomfort and the inability to resolve contradictions, comes aggressiveness or apathy (depending on the innate temperament, the fight or flight reaction). It begins to corrode from the inside. A person may be aware of the problem itself. But what processes it triggers in the psyche is difficult to understand on your own.

Causes of internal conflicts

Here are some of the main reasons why intrapersonal conflicts arise:

Resistance.

A state where a person knows that he wants or needs something, and then subconsciously holds himself back from enjoying, experiencing, or taking action. Resistance is a self-defense mechanism. As soon as the awareness of desire appears, the understanding comes that attempts to fulfill it will lead to a state of vulnerability. There can be many reasons: old beliefs, deep-rooted fears that the person is unaware of, shame about what family or friends will think. Resistance occurs when thoughts, actions, and beliefs are not completely aligned.

Psychological attitudes.

In every scenario there is something we want or need to choose or do, and there is some other, deeper, older attitude that prevents it from happening. In many cases, it is the fear of rejection from family and friends. In other cases, it is a desire to remain “safe” or imaginary certainty about what will happen.

Ways to resolve intrapersonal conflict

Psychological work to eliminate intrapersonal contradiction is a painstaking process that requires thoughtfulness and diligence. It takes place in 5 stages:

The first is awareness of the problem.
The second is identifying the causes, in-depth analysis. Problems are broken down into individual parts. The process is similar to unraveling a knot. It needs to be loosened up to understand where all these threads come from.
Next, work on each aspect in turn. A person must understand which part of the internal conflict still needs to win. This is not easy to do on your own. If it doesn’t work, call the helpline or make an appointment with a psychotherapist. The problem is that the opinions of others can completely confuse everything. Each person has his own beliefs. And it’s not a fact that they are correct
If we are talking about anxiety, its causes are analyzed. Pull the thread and understand what you are afraid of. Does everyone in your situation feel this way? Is there really a risk? Do fears help you? They must be eliminated completely. Because fear's eyes are really big.
Work on beliefs. Example: remorse is a useless oppressive feeling. It is necessary to get rid of it. Remember, all people make mistakes.

So, one by one, the individual must put each of his beliefs on the scale and understand that the world is not divided into black and white. Situations are different, but all these are just situations, they will disappear in a year. And your nervous system will remain with you. Take care of her.

Overcoming intrapersonal conflict

A person must be able to overcome internal conflicts.
Open and latent paths can be used in the fight against internal conflict.

If you decide to contact open ones, then you need to:

stop doubting;
learn to make decisions;
focus on the possibility of solving the current problem.

The latent form contains such ways of resolving internal conflict.

Compromise. The opportunity to make a choice towards one of the options and immediately begin to implement it. It can significantly reduce the traumatic impact of conflict. At the same time, it is not associated with an analysis of the cause, therefore it only partially gives the feeling of a painful impulse.
Sublimation. Converts psychic energy into an acceptable form. Thanks to this, the cause of the conflict is eliminated. It is the most adequate method of resolution, because it is associated with identifying the cause that provokes the conflict, as well as influencing it. However, at the same time, this method is quite lengthy. In addition, the ability to sublimate is present in everyone, but requires exercise and development.
Repression, suppression of unacceptable memories, thoughts, experiences, transition to the unconscious sphere. This method is ineffective and primitive. It is more common in invisible and infantile people.
Care. It is a conscious avoidance of emerging problems with the hope that everything will resolve itself and the difficulties will disappear. This method is quite fast-acting, but is not associated with influencing the root cause, so it only helps for a while.
Idealization. Endowing objects that cause internal conflict with properties and qualities that are not inherent in it. Thanks to this, it will not change in essence, but will become more significant and will be more valued. Idealization helps to give in to dreams and fantasies and escape reality. This method is also temporary because it does not help to identify the cause of the conflict.
Correction. Impact on your understanding of the cause of the conflict.
Reorientation. Changing claims against an object that causes an internal cause. This method involves finding out the real cause of the conflict, as well as its carrier. However, this method requires the presence of skills to manage your motivation and direction. Re-evaluation takes some time, however, in this case a person receives a guaranteed result.

Now you know what resolution of intrapersonal conflict is. Having found out what factors can provoke the development of such a condition, it becomes possible to prevent the emergence of such a conflict. Remember the need for timely initiation of therapy, because an advanced condition is fraught with serious consequences.

Psychology report on the topic: “Intrapersonal conflict”

Report on the topic: “Intrapersonal conflict”

Conflict

(lat. conflictus - collided) - the most acute way to resolve contradictions in interests, goals, views that arise in the process of social interaction...

Intrapersonal conflict is a state in which a person has contradictory and mutually exclusive motives, values and goals that he currently cannot cope with and cannot develop behavioral priorities

Intrapersonal conflict in its consequences can be either constructive (functional, productive) with positive consequences, or destructive (dysfunctional, unproductive with negative consequences).

Constructiveness

intrapersonal conflict lies in its positive impact on the structure, dynamics and effectiveness of intrapersonal processes, and also in the fact that it is a source of self-improvement and self-affirmation of the individual. In this case, intrapersonal contradictions are resolved without any particular negative consequences, and the overall result of their resolution is the development of personality.

Towards positive consequences

Intrapersonal conflict, scientists include:

— Conflicts contribute to the mobilization of individual resources to overcome obstacles to its development;

— Conflicts help a person’s self-knowledge and the development of adequate self-esteem;

— Intrapersonal conflict strengthens the will and strengthens the human psyche;

— Conflict is a means and method of self-development and self-actualization of the individual;

— Overcoming conflicts gives the individual a feeling of fullness of life, making it internally richer, brighter and more fulfilling (in this regard, intrapersonal conflicts provide the opportunity to enjoy victory over oneself when a person brings his real “I” closer to the “ideal” Self).

When a person cannot find a way out of a conflict situation, is unable to resolve the contradictions of the internal structure in a timely and positive manner, the intrapersonal conflict is destructive. Negative consequences

intrapersonal conflict relating to the state of the individual himself are:

Mental and physiological disorganization;

— Decrease in activity and efficiency;

— Termination of personal development, the beginning of degradation;

— The appearance of aggression or, conversely, submission in human behavior as a defensive reaction;

— State of doubt, mental depression, anxiety, general depression

— Destruction of meaningful life values and loss of the very meaning of life;

- The appearance of self-doubt, a feeling of inferiority and insignificance.

However, often the negative consequences of intrapersonal conflict concern not only the state of the individual himself, his internal structure, but also interaction with other people in a group, family, school, higher education institution, organization. Such negative consequences can be:

- Unexpected isolation of an individual in a group, silent behavior, in general, everything that in psychology is called “retreat”;

- Increased sensitivity to criticism;

— Destruction of existing interpersonal relationships;

— An atmosphere of criticism, demonstration of one’s superiority;

Deviant
behavior
(also social deviation, deviant
behavior
) (Latin deviatio - deviation)
is
a stable
behavior
of an individual that deviates from the generally accepted, most widespread and established social norms.

— Deviant behavior and inadequate reaction to the behavior of others;

— Rigid formalism: literalism, formal politeness, monitoring others;

— Search for the culprits.

If an intrapersonal conflict is not resolved in a timely manner, it can lead to much more severe consequences, the most severe of which are stress, frustration and neurosis.

Stress

(from English, stress - pressure, tension) is a human condition that arises in response to various emotional actions. It can manifest itself at the physiological, psychological and behavioral levels and is a very common reaction to an intrapersonal conflict if it has gone far enough and the person is not able to resolve it in a timely and constructive manner. At the same time, stress itself often provokes further development of the conflict or gives rise to new conflicts, as some try to take out their irritation and anger on others.

Frustration

(from Latin Frustratio - disorder, destruction of plans) - a person’s mental state caused by insurmountable objective or subjectively perceived difficulties that arise on the way to achieving a goal or solving a problem. Frustration is always a painful experience of failure or unresolved contradiction. It can be considered a form of psychological stress.

Neuroses

(from the Greek Neuron - nerve) is a neuropsychic disorder that is a consequence of prolonged or excessively intense emotional stress.

Neuroses are based on an unproductively resolved contradiction between the personality and the factors of reality that are significant to it. The most important cause of neuroses is a deep intrapersonal conflict that the individual is unable to resolve positively and rationally. This impossibility of resolving the conflict is accompanied by the emergence of painful and painful experiences of failure, unmet needs, unattainability of life goals, loss of meaning in life, etc. The appearance of neuroses means that the intrapersonal conflict has developed into a neurotic conflict.

Neurotic conflict

as the highest stage of development of intrapersonal conflict can arise at any age. But basically it is formed in childhood in conditions of disrupted relationships with the surrounding social microenvironment and, above all, with parents. As a result of complications with finding a way out of experiences, mental and physiological disorganization of the personality and the formation of neuroses may appear.

With the advent of neurotic conflict and neuroses, a neurotic face also appears ,

characterized by internally contradictory tendencies that the neurotic is unable to resolve or reconcile. Speaking about the difference between a neurotic personality and a normal person, K. Horney writes: “Whereas a normal person is able to overcome difficulties without damage to his personality, in a neurotic all conflicts intensify to such an extent that they make any positive solution impossible” [278].

The neurotic's constantly tense attitude towards others, a painful reaction to criticism and ordinary remarks, hidden hostility and the desire to stand out always and everywhere make him overly conflicted from the very beginning. And the core of his relationships with others is constant rivalry. But in this too, a neurotic differs from normal people. K. Horney identifies three features that distinguish the neurotic rivalry of the ordinary. The neurotic constantly compares himself with others, even in situations that do not require this; strives to be unique and exceptional in all respects; characterized by hidden hostility, the attitude “no one but me should be beautiful, capable, successful.”

However, the most dangerous consequence of intrapersonal conflict is that it can cause suicide. Suicidal behavior has external and internal plans, which together form a relatively stable, holistic structure. This structure reflects the individuality of the suicide person, the type of his personal crisis and consists of motivational, affective, orientation and executive components.

Motivational component

covers motives in the form of social attitudes and relatively stable value orientations.
The most important characteristic of this component is the presence of meaning-forming motives in an intrapersonal conflict, which excludes their simultaneous implementation. According to the leading motives that define five types of suicidal behavior: protest, call for compassion, avoidance of mental or physical suffering, self-punishment, refusal of life as surrender.
The type of suicidal behavior manifests itself depending on the age, personality type of the suicidal person, as well as the situation that provoked the suicide. At a young age (from 18 to 30 years old), protest forms of suicidal behavior predominate. On average (after 45 years), suicides of the type of avoidance of suffering, self-punishment and refusal predominate. Protest suicidal behavior often occurs in persons with an infantile personality type, who are characterized by egocentrism, negativism, and emotional instability.

Affective component

covers relatively stable, suicidal, emotional experiences that reflect the level of significance of the crisis situation. These include: fleeting acute affects; persistent depressive state; a state of frustration of great intensity, experiencing intolerance to a conflict situation, painful anticipation of the negative consequences of the crime committed, anxiety about the loss of social status, fear of the need to take responsibility.

Orientation component

is a block of activity for analyzing the social situation, understanding the level of its crisis, making a suicidal decision, forming suicidal goals, planning and implementing appropriate actions. In addition to the “I-image” of a suicide, it includes the image of a personally significant psychotraumatic situation - these are relationships formed with others, features of one’s intragroup socio-psychological role, etc.

Executive component

the structure of suicidal behavior covers verbal and behavioral reactions corresponding to the orientational and affective components and manifests itself in the form of suicidal statements or suicidal actions. Such actions reflect the psychology of the suicidal person, lead to completed suicide or remain an attempt.

So, suicidal behavior is considered as a consequence of personality maladaptation in conditions of intrapersonal conflict experienced by it.

Resolving (or overcoming) an intrapersonal conflict is the removal of internal tension of the individual, overcoming contradictions between various elements of its internal structure and achieving a state of internal balance, stability and harmony.

First of all, it should be noted that any intrapersonal conflict is always individual and of a personal nature. Therefore, its resolution depends on such personality factors as age, gender, character, temperament, social status, values, etc. This means that there are no universal ways to resolve intrapersonal conflicts that are equally suitable for all people and situations. To establish a child’s internal balance, it is often enough to give him candy; To overcome the intrapersonal conflict of the Russian “Homo novus”, an entire confectionery factory may not be enough. Methods for resolving internal conflict that are suitable for men may not always be suitable for women, etc.

Parents demand to enter a prestigious university, they don’t want to listen to anything else.

The child loves and respects his parents very much, is afraid of upsetting them, but categorically wants to enroll in another university. Or even to a technical school (college). Or go to work.

And he painfully decides within himself what to do: submit to his parents’ will and acquire a profession that disgusts him, or go against his parents, choose a profession himself, but ruin his relationship with them, perhaps for a long time.

When the boss demands that something be done, he does not care about the means and methods. Must be done at any cost.

For example, my mother said: “Find a rich husband and relax!”, and my dad convinced me that “Happiness and satisfaction from life are in your favorite work and development!” And this will be called a conflict of beliefs, when on the one hand I love mom and dad, and I trust both and want to please both.

At school: The child thinks I-this is I I know everything myself, I can do it. I will do it the way I want. But in class, I should look like everyone else in my company, I should not stand out where the majority

Possible reasons

An example of an external reason for the development of an intrapersonal conflict - a person wants to have freedom of action, but is limited by the bars of a prison cell.
Considering what factors can influence the occurrence of an intrapersonal conflict, external and internal reasons are distinguished.

Internal factors are rooted in the contradiction of internal motives and needs. The more complex the structure of a person’s inner world, the more susceptible he is to introspection and internal conflict. Internal factors include:

inconsistency between social norm and need;
contradictions of interests, motives and needs;
contradictory social roles;
inconsistency of social norms and values.

In order for internal factors to influence the development of intrapersonal conflict, they must have a deep meaning for a particular individual, otherwise the person simply will not attach importance to them

In addition, it is important that these contradictions be approximately equal in the strength of their impact. In another situation, a person will simply choose what is best for him, no conflict will arise.

External factors in the development of intrapersonal conflict are determined by the position of an individual in a group of people, his position in the organization, and his place in society.

If the reasons are due to the position of a particular individual in the group, then the factors provoking the emergence of conflict are:

physical barriers that prevent basic needs from being met;
biological limitation - people with physical disabilities or mentally retarded individuals have obstacles in the body itself;
lack of an object that is necessary to satisfy needs;
social conditions.

Given the position of the individual at the organizational level, the following contradictions may occur:

between responsibility and lack of rights in order to realize it;
between poor working conditions, quality of task performance or strict deadlines;
between a critical task and poorly defined means for its implementation;
between the desire for self-affirmation, career, creativity and the opportunities to realize this, for example, people strive to achieve growth in the career ladder, but cannot do this due to the lack of necessary conditions, which is why an intrapersonal conflict develops;
inconsistency between moral standards and the desire for profit, for example, a person works in a production facility that produces low-quality products;
between mutually exclusive tasks and requirements, for example, the need to improve product quality while the equipment remains the same;
incompatibility of social roles, for example, the status of a friend is subject to certain standards of behavior and requirements, and the status of a leader is subject to others;
between traditions and personal values, for example, working on weekends, frequent corporate events.

The reasons that are determined by the situation in society are associated with the inconsistency that is formed at the level of the social macrosystem.

Experiences as the basis of intrapersonal conflicts

A person’s experiences are a special emotion that characterizes the ambiguity of personality, awareness of reality and one’s own potential, fluctuations in self-esteem, and so on. Not a single intrapersonal conflict is complete without experiences. For example, a person cannot implement planned plans and programs, or fulfill his life functions. Contradictions arise that lead to imbalance, that is, to psychological comfort. Subsequently, the psychological balance of a person’s inner world is formed.

The presence of intrapersonal conflict can be influenced by external and internal factors. The essence of external ones is that a person cannot, is not able to satisfy his needs or encounters obstacles that are insurmountable for him.

Internal conditions are predetermined by external ones. This is a kind of contradiction between different parties, approximately equal in importance. A person must be aware that an intrapersonal conflict is occurring within him. It destroys the personality and the harmonious processes within it.

In order to prevent intrapersonal conflict, a person must be able to perceive life’s difficulties, find ways out of conflicts, and intensify work on himself and his creative potential. In addition, you need to be able to be flexible, including in conflicts with you, be able to make an intelligent decision, and adapt to any situation that arises. You should always hope that the problem will be resolved positively. It is optimism that is the key to a healthy, from a psychological point of view, person.

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Types of intrapersonal conflicts

Any conflict must be approached as a problem that needs to be solved. Types of intrapersonal conflict show what initially caused the emergence and subsequent formation of a significant contradiction in a person. In relationships with oneself, various conditions are important, with the help of which a person achieves a state of integrity. Unfortunately, harmony can be disrupted by even a minor obstacle on the path of life.

Equivalent type

The conflict is expressed in the desire to preserve for oneself significant conditions of peace of mind and at the same time not to lose an important reference point. Most often, such a collision occurs as a result of the urgent need to make a conscious choice between the past and the present. Conflict forces a person to reconsider his own attitude towards certain conditions of existence. It is aggravated by the fact that there is a need to choose between two equivalent values. A person can sometimes be in thought for a long time, painfully trying to take the right step. As a rule, such a conflict implies that, giving preference to one event, we finally reject another, which is of no less importance.

Vital type

Conflict manifests itself through unpleasant obligations that a person takes on his shoulders at a certain point in life. The vital type is characterized by a loss of interest in one’s own personality and those activities that previously formed a significant basis for existence. It cannot be solved by the usual methods of influencing the problem. A person is forced to spend a long time in an exhausting search before he dares to take a concrete step. As a rule, it is conscious and balanced. Conflict arises because a person has to make a choice between two equally unsatisfying objects

In most cases, people tend to minimize their losses, so they prefer to focus on the lesser evil.

Ambivalent type

This type of conflict between a person and himself implies that the choice is especially difficult to make. The individual understands how serious the consequences of a wrong step can be and therefore is very afraid of the possibility of making a mistake. An ambivalent situation suggests that the result of actions somehow attracts and, at the same time, repels. In any case, the individual will have to overcome the conflict. A contradictory state does not at all contribute to the development of harmony within a person. If the conflict is not resolved on time, it means that additional suffering will appear due to some hidden internal unrealization.

Frustrating type

Conflict arises as a result of society’s disapproval of specific actions of an individual aimed at obtaining a particular result. The conflict manifests itself through the inability of the individual to do what is of significant interest to him. Freedom of choice is practically non-existent here. A person in a state of severe frustration is necessarily in a struggle with himself. The inability to solve a problem alone eventually leads to conflict with the outside world.

The concept of intrapersonal conflicts

An intrapersonal conflict is an intrapersonal contradiction that is perceived and emotionally experienced by a person as a significant psychological problem for him, requiring its resolution and causing internal work of consciousness aimed at overcoming it.

Intrapersonal conflict is a difficult to resolve contradiction caused by a clash between approximately equal in strength, but oppositely directed interests, needs, drives, etc.

The essence of intrapersonal conflict according to Freud

The scientific study of intrapersonal conflict began at the end of the 19th century. and was associated primarily with the name of the founder of psychoanalysis - the Austrian scientist Sigmund Freud (1856 - 1939), who revealed the biopsychological and biosocial nature of intrapersonal conflict. He showed that human existence is associated with constant tension and overcoming the contradiction between biological drives and human desires (primarily sexual) and socio-cultural norms, between the unconscious and consciousness. According to Freud, the essence of intrapersonal conflict lies in this contradiction and constant confrontation between these parties. Within the framework of psychoanalysis, the theory of intrapersonal conflict was also developed by K. Jung, K. Horney and others.

Z. Freud was the first to risk telling people the truth about the conflicts that they carry within themselves. Nowadays, it is difficult to imagine modern psychology without psychoanalysis. All this happens because a person cannot resolve intrapersonal conflicts alone; for this he needs help, and the help of a specialist.

Three types of conflict situations by K. Levin

A great contribution to the study of the problem of intrapersonal conflict was made by the German psychologist Kurt Lewin (1890 - 1947), who defined it as a situation in which an individual is simultaneously affected by opposing forces of equal magnitude. In this regard, he identified three types of conflict situations:

1. A person is between two positive forces of approximately equal magnitude.

2. A person is between two approximately equal negative forces. A typical example is the situation of punishment. So, on the one hand, the child must complete an unattractive school task, and on the other hand, he faces punishment if he does not do it.

3. A person is simultaneously acted upon by two differently directed forces of approximately equal magnitude and in the same place.

“I-concept” by C. Rogers

The theory of intrapersonal conflict was further developed in the works of representatives of humanistic psychology. One of the leaders of this direction is the American psychologist Carl Rogers (1902 - 1987). The fundamental component of the personality structure, he believes, is the “I-concept” - the individual’s idea of himself, the image of his own “I”, formed in the process of interaction of the individual with the environment. Self-regulation of human behavior occurs on the basis of the “I-concept”.

But the “I-concept” often does not coincide with the idea of the ideal “I”. There may be a mismatch between them. This dissonance between the “I-concept”, on the one hand, and the ideal “I”, on the other, acts as an intrapersonal conflict that can lead to severe mental illness>.

A. Maslow's theory of needs

The concept of intrapersonal conflict by one of the leading representatives of humanistic psychology, American psychologist Abraham Maslow (1908 - 1968), has become widely known. According to Maslow, the motivational structure of a personality is formed by a number of hierarchically organized needs:

1) physiological needs;

2) the need for security;

3) need for love;

4) the need for respect;

5) the need for self-actualization.

The highest is the need for self-actualization, that is, for the realization of a person’s potentials, abilities and talents. It is expressed in the fact that a person strives to be who he can become. But he doesn’t always succeed. Self-actualization as an ability may be present in most people, but only in a minority is it accomplished and realized. This gap between the desire for self-actualization and the actual result underlies intrapersonal conflict.

This type of conflict is also something that few are aware of. The fact is that, as Maslow himself described, people diminish their purpose. They ignore him, consider themselves unworthy.>

Theory of V. Frankl

Another very popular theory of intrapersonal conflict today was developed by the Austrian psychologist and psychiatrist Viktor Frankl, who created a new direction in psychotherapy - logotherapy

(from the gr. logos - thought, mind and gr. therapeia - treatment). According to his definition, logotherapy “is concerned with the meaning of human existence and the search for this meaning.”

According to Frankl's concept, the main driving force in the life of every person is his search for the meaning of life and the struggle for it. But only a few succeed in realizing the meaning of life. Its absence gives rise to a state in a person, which he calls an existential vacuum.

, or
a feeling of aimlessness and emptiness
. It is the existential vacuum that gives rise to intrapersonal conflicts on a large scale, which are expressed most forcefully in “noogenic (nusogenic) neuroses” (from the gr. noos - meaning).

According to the author of the theory, intrapersonal conflict in the form of noogenic neurosis arises due to spiritual problems and is associated with a disorder of the “spiritual core of personality,” in which the meanings and values of human existence are localized, playing a decisive role in the behavior of the individual. Thus, noogenic neurosis is a disorder of the internal structure of the personality caused by an existential vacuum, a person’s lack of meaning in life.

It is the existential vacuum, the feeling of purposelessness and emptiness of existence that gives rise at every step to the existential frustration of the individual, most often manifested in boredom and apathy. It is important to note that boredom poses much more problems for the psychiatrist than need. The point here is that it is much easier to get rid of need than boredom and apathy. Boredom is evidence of a lack of meaning in life, meaning-forming values, and this is already serious. Because finding the meaning of life is much more difficult and more important than wealth. In addition, need pushes a person to action and helps get rid of neuroses, while boredom associated with an existential vacuum, on the contrary, dooms him to inactivity and thereby contributes to the development of a psychological disorder.

Theory A.N. Leontyev

A.N. Leontiev (1903 − 1979), with his theory about the role of objective activity in the formation of personality, did a lot for understanding intrapersonal conflict.

According to his theory, the content and essence of intrapersonal conflict are determined by the nature of the structure of the personality itself. This structure, in turn, is determined by objectively contradictory relationships into which a person enters while carrying out various types of his activities. One of the most important characteristics of the internal structure of a person is that any person, even if he has a leading motive for behavior and a main goal in life, cannot live with just one goal or motive. The motivational sphere of a person, according to A.N. Leontyev, even in its highest development, never resembles a frozen pyramid.

At different periods of life, in different spheres of human existence and in different situations, a person has many other, in addition to the leading, motives that form the motivational sphere or, as they say today, the motivational field.

“The personality structure is a relatively stable configuration of the main, internally hierarchized, motivational lines. We are talking about what is incompletely described as “personality orientation,” incompletely because even if a person has a clear leading line of life, it cannot remain the only one. Serving a chosen goal or ideal does not at all exclude or absorb other human life relationships, which, in turn, form meaning-forming motives. Figuratively speaking, the motivational sphere of the individual is always multi-vertex.”

The contradictory interaction of these “peaks” of the motivational sphere, various motives of the individual, forms an intrapersonal conflict.

Thus, intrapersonal conflict, immanent in the internal structure of the personality, is a normal phenomenon. The structure of any personality is characterized by internal contradictions and the struggle between various motives. Usually this struggle takes place in ordinary forms and does not disturb the harmony of the individual. “After all, a harmonious personality is not at all a person who does not know any internal struggle.” But sometimes this struggle becomes the main thing that determines a person’s behavior and his entire appearance. This is precisely the structure of the tragic personality.

There are certain indicators of intrapersonal conflict:

1. cognitive sphere: decreased self-esteem, awareness of your condition as a psychological dead end, delayed decision-making, deep doubts about the truth of the principles that previously guided you;

2. emotional sphere: psycho-emotional stress, frequent and significant negative experiences;

3. behavioral sphere: decreased quality and intensity of activity, decreased satisfaction with activity, negative emotional background of communication;

4. integral indicators: deterioration of the adaptation mechanism, increased stress.

Intrapersonal conflicts can be clearly classified. The basis will be the differentiation of the structures of a person’s inner world that come into conflict.

The inner world of a person includes: motives, values, self-esteem.

· Motives - “I want” (needs, interests, desires),

· Values – “must”,

· Self-esteem – “I can”

The following types of intrapersonal conflicts are distinguished:

Hysterical - characterized by inflated claims of the individual combined with an underestimation of objective conditions or the demands of others.

Obsessive-psychasthenic - characterized by contradictory personal needs, the struggle between desire and duty, between moral principles and personal behavior.

Neurosthenic - characterized by a contradiction between the capabilities of the individual and his inflated demands on himself.

In the general group of intrapersonal conflicts, two subgroups can be distinguished:

· conflicts that arise as a result of the transition of objective contradictions into the inner world (moral conflicts, adaptation)

· conflicts arising from contradictions in the inner world of the individual (motivational, inadequate self-esteem). They reflect the individual's attitude towards the environment.

The basis of intrapersonal conflict is experience.

Like any other conflicts, intrapersonal conflicts can be constructive and destructive.

Constructive

is a conflict that is characterized by maximum development of conflicting structures and minimal costs for its resolution. By overcoming such conflicts we move forward.

Destructive

A conflict is considered to be one that aggravates a split personality, develops into a life crisis, or leads to the development of neurotic reactions.

Concept

What is intrapersonal conflict in psychology?

Intrapersonal is a person's communication with himself.

Intrapersonal conflict is understood as a contradiction that arises as a result of such communication.

A person perceives this conflict as a serious problem that requires the fastest possible solution.

The inability to resolve a situation or the lack of ability to make a decision can provoke various disorders, for example, insomnia due to constant thinking.

Intrapersonal conflict can direct a person into one of the following scenarios:

The problem will direct him to self-development, he will begin to mobilize his strength, and he will begin to take measures to improve his life.
The problem, on the contrary, will force him to slow down, which will disrupt the process of development and self-knowledge.

In intrapersonal conflict, a collision occurs between two or more interests, needs or desires that are equal in importance and opposite in meaning.

It is difficult for a person to make a decision and make a choice.

By occupying one side, he is deprived of the advantage of the other side.

Awareness of this leads to doubts, hesitations, and the inability to make a decision.

Depending on the importance of the issue that a person cannot resolve, conflict can provoke various problems and frustrations. Being in confrontation with oneself, a person increases the risk of developing various pathologies, both psychological and physiological.

Having solved the problem, he takes the path of healing and liberation from such adverse reactions.

Being in confrontation with oneself, a person increases the risk of developing various pathologies, both psychological and physiological. Having solved the problem, he takes the path of healing and liberation from such adverse reactions.

What characterizes a person as a person? Find out about this from our article.

What is intrapersonal conflict?

A person’s communication with himself is called intrapersonal. What is intrapersonal conflict? This is a contradiction that arises within a person as a result of such communication. This conflict is perceived by the individual as a serious problem that requires an immediate solution. If a person cannot resolve the situation or is not able to make a final decision, then the problem provokes various disorders and disorders in him. For example, a person may have difficulty sleeping due to the need to think about his problem.

As a result of an intrapersonal conflict, a person can follow one of the following paths:

The problem will force him to develop himself. His strength will be mobilized, which is why he will begin to take measures to improve the quality of his life.
The problem will slow him down, which will lead to a lack of self-knowledge and the development process.

Intrapersonal conflict is a collision of two or more needs, interests, desires, and drives of equal importance and opposite in direction. In such a situation, a person experiences difficulty in making a decision, making a choice. If he takes one side, then he will lose all the benefits of the other side. A person understands this, therefore he is in doubt, hesitates, and cannot make a choice.

Depending on the significance of the topic that a person cannot resolve, intrapersonal conflict can lead to various troubles and even disorders. While a person is in confrontation with himself, he develops various pathologies at the physiological or psychological level. Once the problem is resolved, the person is on the path to recovery and freedom from all side effects.

Attitude to the concept of conflict

In the vast majority of cases, it is believed that conflict is an exclusively negative phenomenon, causing misunderstanding, resentment, hostility or threats, in other words, something that should be avoided at all costs. Also, representatives of earlier schools of management argued that conflict is a sign of poor management of an organization and an indicator of its inefficiency. But, contrary to this, many modern management specialists are increasingly inclined to believe that some types of conflicts not only can occur, but are also desirable even in the most effective organizations, where employee relationships are worthy of the best assessments. The only thing that is necessary here is to learn how to manage conflict.

Conflict, like any social phenomenon, has not only its own definition, but also its own characteristics. And this issue is no less important and is subject to separate consideration.

The concept of intrapersonal conflict

Definition 1
Intrapersonal conflict represents special negative experiences of a person, which are characterized by protractedness, confrontation between various structures of a person’s inner world, and reflect his contradictory connections with the outside world and society. This is a certain mental state of a person that systematically overcomes him.

Intrapersonal conflict can be either constructive or destructive:

Constructive intrapersonal conflict acts as an integral part of personal growth and human development.
Destructive intrapersonal conflict acts as a source of stress and difficult experiences, poses a danger to a person, and in some cases leads to suicide.

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It is for the above reasons that a person must be aware of the presence of intrapersonal conflict and be able to resist it. In addition, it is necessary to be able to determine its main symptoms and indicators, which can manifest themselves in a variety of stages.

The following areas are identified in which intrapersonal conflict manifests itself:

Emotional . It manifests itself through the presence of serious negative experiences and tension. Stress, depression, apathy, loss of joy in life, etc. may be present.
Cognitive . A person’s perception of himself is disrupted, self-esteem decreases, difficulties in choosing and making decisions are observed, a person doubts his motives and aspirations, etc.
Behavioral . Manifests itself through negative changes in human behavior. For example, the productivity and quality of an employee’s activity decreases, a person becomes dissatisfied with his own activities, etc.
Integral . It manifests itself through a complex violation of a person’s mental health, in which the mechanism of a person’s adaptation to various circumstances is disrupted.

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Figure 1. Types of intrapersonal conflicts. Author24 - online exchange of student work

Existential conflict

Existential conflict involves a feeling of discomfort and confusion in life, especially when two opposing beliefs or desires arise. For example, to hate life, but at the same time love it. Or the desire to live life to the fullest, but not wanting to make any changes or get out of your comfort zone. Existential conflict can also be directed toward the world, such as wanting to save the planet while at the same time believing it is doomed or polluting it.

Please note that all of these examples of intrapersonal conflict often overlap with each other. This list is also not definitive, so feel free to leave a comment if you think any types of internal conflict are missing

What creates internal conflict?

If you understand the underlying processes, intrapersonal conflict arises due to the inability to achieve what you want. But the obstacle on the way is not external circumstances, but internal ones.

The psyche sees two ways out of the situation and neither of them is suitable. We cannot simply want too much, because such contradictions arise only on the basis of necessary and passionately desired actions. You can't just stop loving a guy, even if you know he's not right for you. It is also impossible to overcome the barrier in the form of your own taboo. If you could overcome yourself, it would not be called an internal conflict. It occurs when the opposing forces inside are equal. While this battle lasts, it is impossible to feel comfortable.

How to Find Peace of Mind

All the struggle happens inside.
And what causes internal conflict? Attachment to beliefs, desires and expectations. It's very simple, all our suffering arises when we believe our thoughts, instead of seeing them for what they really are: transmission of energy fluctuations in the brain. Do we control our thoughts? No. Otherwise, we would always choose to think happy and harmonious thoughts. We don't even know what our next thought will be, let alone the next ten, because they all arise and disappear spontaneously. If we don't control these thoughts, then how can they mean anything about us unless we give them meaning ourselves?

Sit down and try to follow how your thoughts come. Do you control them? Or are they controlling you?

Additionally, here are some other tips that I hope can help you find more peace and clarity:

The positive impact of intrapersonal conflict on a person’s future

Despite the danger of a person developing a severe form of neurotic disease, intrapersonal conflict is an excellent opportunity to rethink values by adjusting one’s own worldview. Practitioners working with such patients identify the following positive changes in the psyche of people who have coped with disagreements:

Forced mobilization of hidden personal resources, with the help of which it is possible to solve the problem that has arisen. A “sober” look from the outside at the desired and actual, haunting the patient’s inner world. Increased self-esteem, because a person copes with a serious mental disorder, overcoming a number of fears. The appearance of rational thinking, which helps him make decisions in controversial and especially difficult situations. Knowledge of one’s own “I”, which improves a person’s attitude towards society. In the process of searching for a solution to a problem, brilliant thoughts appear and effective ways to realize hidden potential are found.

The main thing is to contact a psychologist in time, who can correctly diagnose the cause of internal disagreements. It is extremely rare for people susceptible to neurotic illness to solve such a problem on their own. Too many subconscious “interlocutors” are present in the patient’s head, directing the true personality along the wrong path.

Types of intrapersonal conflict

K. Levin proposed 4 main types of intrapersonal conflict:

Equivalent - there is a confrontation between two or more functions that a person must perform. The solution is compromise, partial implementation.
Vital – occurs when it is necessary to make equally wrong decisions.
Ambivalent - occurs when actions and results are equally liked or repelled.
Frustrating - occurs when accepted norms and foundations, the result diverges from the actions taken to achieve the goal, disapproval by society.

A person faces intrapersonal conflict when he is motivated by two diverse motives. The moral background arises in a situation where a person is forced to weigh his desires with social moral guidelines, his aspirations with duty.

Conflict based on unfulfilled desires arises when a person has goals, but is faced with a reality that prevents him from achieving this. Role conflict occurs when a person is forced to play several roles at the same time, as well as in a situation where the requirements for a person do not coincide with his own ideas about a given role or capabilities.

The conflict of inadequate self-esteem arises as a result of a discrepancy between one’s self-image and the assessment of personal potential.

Types of intrapersonal conflicts

Here are 8 different types of internal conflicts that are responsible for different aspects of your deepest emotional experiences.

Moral. These are conflicting ideas about ethical behavior. This is what happens when you feel like you have to choose between two opposing behaviors.
Sexual. It occurs when people have a desire that is contrary to their principles. For example, when someone wants to try a new type of sex, but considers it immoral.
Religious. It occurs when a person cannot reconcile the dogmas of his faith with what is happening around him. For example, the desire to believe in an all-loving God and a lack of understanding why various terrible, unfair things happen in the world.
Political. It occurs when our values do not coincide with the values of the party or society. This is especially difficult if the beliefs of family members do not coincide, as it leads to isolation.
Love. Love is one of the most common causes of internal conflicts. Romantic relationships make people more vulnerable and sensitive. This can cause fear and resistance to develop, which creates tension in the relationship.
Self-determination conflict. It appears when our behavior does not correspond to our ideas about ourselves. For example, we may consider ourselves “kind” and yet, when someone upsets us, speak badly of them. This behavior is unkind, but we stick to our previous self-image and ignore the contradiction.
Social. Occurs when we are forced to behave differently from what we really think or feel in order to maintain a good relationship with a particular person. For example, we don’t like the director, but we are polite and agree with him, because this affects our work. Or we may not like to drink, but go to the bar regularly because it is “cool” in our circle.
Existential. Similar to an existential crisis, in which a person feels completely at a loss when confronted with the “big questions” about the meaning of life. For example, someone with existential conflict may decide that life is about enjoying each day, but at the same time feel internally conflicted about having to worry about the future.

Causes of intrapersonal conflicts

Conventionally, the causes of intrapersonal conflicts are divided into 3 types:

The inconsistency of the personality itself. If a person has many desires, diverse views and values, then conflict cannot be avoided. Here are the following contradictions:

Between social norms and needs.
Contradiction between public duty and internal (religious) values.
Mismatch of needs, interests, desires.
The struggle between the social roles that a person must play in a specific period of time.

These contradictions must be significant for the individual and at the same time equivalent, otherwise a conflict will not arise, the person will choose what is most acceptable or less harmful to him.

A person's status in society.
The status of an individual in a specific group. Being in a certain group of people, a person is forced to coordinate his needs with the desires of the environment. Sometimes you have to “step on the throat of your own song” just to get approval for your actions from other people. The following confrontations are observed here:

External circumstances prevent you from satisfying your needs.
Lack of a partner who is needed to satisfy the need.
Physiological defects and pathologies that prevent a person from achieving a goal.
A society that hinders or limits a person.

A person must do the work, but he is not provided with the necessary tools. They give specific tasks, but the issue of fulfilling the plan is not discussed. A person must be an excellent worker, while devoting sufficient time to his family. Personal values and the rules proposed in the company often come into conflict.

There are many reasons for conflict within an individual, so absolutely all people experience this phenomenon.

Basis and features of intrapersonal conflict

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As mentioned above, the basis of such a conflict is, first of all, disagreements experienced within the individual. This conflict flares up inside a person, and he, as a rule, does not take it out into the world around him. The individual finds himself in a situation where he needs to rethink his values and, if this can be done, he acquires new useful qualities and a vision of the world. However, in reality it is not always possible to cope with the situation, which leads to even greater isolation and asociality. The characteristics of such conflicts are such that they cause stress, frustration and anxiety.

Anxiety manifests itself even before a certain situation unfolds. It, in turn, is divided into situational and personal. Situational anxiety develops due to external circumstances, but if a person does not have time to cope with it, it immediately turns into personal anxiety. Remember how in childhood we were scolded for failing and threatened with punishment. When a child receives a negative assessment, situational anxiety occurs (external circumstances have turned out badly), after which he remembers his parents and the expected consequences. Thus, internal anxiety begins to appear. At these moments, internal dialogues begin that can develop into something more, for example, into intrapersonal conflicts or frustration.

Frustration is a state in which a person experiences great disappointment. It arises in cases where it is not possible to solve a complex problem for subjective or objective reasons. The same child cannot avoid scandal at home; this leads him to oppression and frustration. In adults, this condition occurs most often when setting a goal and failing to achieve it. When an individual throws all his strength and resources into solving a problem, but it turns out to be unsolvable at a given moment in time. As a result, a person experiences great disappointment, powerlessness, and his desires do not coincide with his capabilities.

Further, if the individual fails to cope with the developing internal negativity, stress may occur, which covers even more topics related to life in general and one’s position in it. Let's return to the topic of goal setting. Let's say an individual set a goal to earn much more money, and, as usually happens, overestimated his capabilities. However, he wants to have an expensive car, new housing and beautiful things. As a result, all forces are mobilized and after some time he realizes that he can’t achieve anything and gives up his idea. A small conflict flares up within the individual, the person begins to blame himself, and then the entire world around him, for injustice. You can often come across statements that life is unpleasant, only bad people are lucky, there is deception and corruption all around. Although most often these problems do not directly affect the individual and have only a minor impact on his life.

Why does intrapersonal conflict occur?

The causes of this and other psychological problems always go back to childhood.

Our parents instill in us attitudes that turn out to be unsuitable for life in adulthood. But the program is established in us, to go against it means to stumble upon contradictions within ourselves.

Religious beliefs are often the cause of controversy. An example is a believer who has sinned and repents. Religion is very strict: fasting, abstinence from sinful acts and thoughts. The believer understands that he should not sin, but temptation takes over. We are all human, we all have our own weaknesses.

One’s own beliefs, attitudes, and frameworks also create an internal conflict for the individual. It can drag on for years, causing constant discomfort up to nervous exhaustion. For example, a woman who has gained weight after giving birth. She wants to return to her previous forms, to be beautiful. But she cannot overcome herself and believes that her husband is obliged to love her like this. Constant stress forces you to break your diet, and this causes depression.

Or another example: a son who lives with his parents. He becomes an adult and begins to live his own life. Strict upbringing in the family taught him to obey his parents. And so, a thirty-year-old man comes home strictly at nine in the evening, cannot afford to buy a leather jacket instead of a down jacket, and does not even think about bringing girls home, because his mother does not like them all.