The feeling of goosebumps running through the head is familiar to a huge number of people.
This sensation appears on the skin when the receptors are irritated. This condition can be explained by a sharp decrease or increase in air temperature.
It also occurs when the circulatory system is disrupted and other diseases.
The mechanism of sensation
The appearance of a crawling sensation on the scalp is observed if the conduction of impulses along the nerves is disrupted. This happens when nerve endings are irritated. If the small subcutaneous muscles that attach to the hair follicles contract, the person feels like goosebumps are running over the head. This unpleasant condition is called paresthesia. The condition occurs with goose bumps.
The appearance of goosebumps on the back of the head or in other parts of the head can be caused by various sensations:
- satisfaction;
- fear;
- excitement;
- admiration;
- delight;
- pleasure.
The appearance of paresthesia is observed when exposed to environmental factors or when certain diseases occur.
The feeling of hair moving on the head, what is it?
The sensation of goosebumps has long been known to many people. It is also often defined by such phrases as goose bumps (skin that is covered with goosebumps, reminiscent of a goose) or the hair on the head standing on end.
Strong emotional states such as sexual arousal, fear and others can cause this condition. It can also be caused by a feeling of cold. Scientifically, a symptom such as goosebumps is called the pilomotor reflex.
It is caused by stimulation of sensitive peripheral nerves, resulting in the excitation of peripheral nerve endings, which are responsible for the contraction of smooth muscles that are associated with hair follicles.
And when the muscles of the follicles themselves contract, the hair begins to rise. The raising of hair due to goosebumps is scientifically called piloerection.
People have goosebumps in their heads or their hair standing on end - a phenomenon that arises not only because of cold or fear, but also as a result of a whole range of feelings - admiration, a feeling of satisfaction or pleasure.
This can also be caused by certain sounds, for example, the creaking of metal on glass, etc. In this case, the goosebumps in the head disappear along with the reason that caused them.
But what to do if this feeling lasts for a considerable time?
And now more about this syndrome. As a rule, goosebumps constantly shift. First, this sensation may occur in the area of the shoulder blade, then on the forearm, then on the head. There is often a sensation of some kind of tickling in the crown area, which intensifies before bedtime. You often get goosebumps in your head if you stroke your hair with your hand.
Goosebumps often appear on your legs if you have been sitting for a long time. As a result, the nerve trunk was compressed. If the patient has paresthesia only on the legs, then this may indicate a circulatory disorder.
And this may be a sign of diseases in which blood circulation in this area is impaired. The range of such diseases is wide - from varicose veins to atherosclerosis of the legs.
And in this case, you need to contact a phlebologist.
Although the pilomotor reflex can be caused by harmless factors, it is still worth paying attention to the phenomenon of goosebumps. This may be related to some disease.
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Causes of goosebumps on the scalp
- emotional state;
- delight (when music sounds, the words of a song or poem, touching fabric, sexual arousal, a strong desire for something);
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Goosebumps as a sign of illness
The reasons for the appearance of a pathological condition most often lie in the development of certain diseases in the body. The sensation of hair moving on the head occurs when:
- osteochondrosis. In case of disease of the cervical spine, compression of the nerve roots leads to an unpleasant sensation in the back of the head;
- Bell's palsy. Goose bumps appear against the background of an inflammatory process in the facial nerve. The muscles gradually weaken, and after a certain time they lose mobility. When sick, patients complain that they have a headache behind the ear;
- diseases of the heart and blood vessels. The cause of the disorder is arterial hypertension. Increased blood pressure leads to poor circulation. The pathology is accompanied by pale skin and nausea.
- vitamin deficiency. When vitamins enter the human body in insufficient quantities, disturbances in the functioning of the body are observed. Patients complain of muscle weakness, peeling and irritation of the skin;
- hypoparathyroidism. If the parathyroid glands do not work properly, this leads to disruption of the nervous system. The disease also causes numbness in the limbs. follicular hyperkeratosis. Signs of pathology include the appearance of scales on the skin that cover the hair follicles. The sebaceous glands secrete a certain substance, which leads to gluing of the scales. Inflammation develops, causing goosebumps. Hyperkeratosis appears due to improper care of the scalp;
- atherosclerosis. The pathology is accompanied by pale skin and trophic ulcerative lesions;
- colds. Unpleasant sensations are provoked by a cold, which leads to a decrease in the body's defenses.
There are a huge number of diseases against which unpleasant sensations develop. And sometimes additional manifestations, such as various pimples on the head. That is why it is recommended to carry out their timely treatment.
What to do if you have goosebumps on your head?
If these sensations have one-time manifestations and are related to the psycho-emotional state, then you should not pay attention to them. This is a normal phenomenon characteristic of every person.
Easily agitated people can take mild sedatives such as glycine to protect their nervous system and remain calm in any situation. Mint tea with lemon, aromatic oils (lavender, rose, mint), and meditation accompanied by calm music perfectly restore the nerves to a normal state.
During severe agitation, it is necessary to measure blood pressure and, if it has increased, take a blood pressure medication.
A fairly effective way to improve well-being is to massage the back, neck and head. Sometimes accumulated salts in the cervical vertebra can cause headaches, increased sensitivity and irritability in a person. So, by doing a back and neck massage (10 days in a row), you can significantly improve your well-being. A light scalp massage can be done daily. Thanks to this, skin and brain cells receive sufficient oxygen. Saturation of head cells with oxygen activates brain activity, increases a person’s activity and improves his well-being.
Only those cases when the feeling of goose bumps appearing regularly on the scalp require attention, because this phenomenon is a symptom of some disease. A visit to a general practitioner will help you decide on the parameters of the examination - which specialists should be seen, what tests to take, ultrasound/MRI, x-rays...
Such measures will make it possible to find the cause, that is, the disease itself, which has settled in the body and gives the sensation of goosebumps. Indeed, in addition to this, a nervous state, increased anxiety, and severe pain in the head are characteristic not only of osteochondrosis, but also of VSD and diseases of the thyroid gland.
Only a specialist can prescribe adequate treatment, because in this case you won’t get away with a massage. In addition, massage is contraindicated for thyroid diseases.
Atherosclerosis of cerebral vessels is one of the most dangerous diseases, which is potentially fatal. Atherosclerotic plaques developing in blood vessels cause headaches and can cause a feeling of aching skin. In this case, itching or scratching of the skin may occur due to insufficient blood supply to the cells of the scalp and providing it with oxygen.
When goose bumps are not a symptom
The feeling of goosebumps on the head often appears when exposed to irritating environmental factors. If the pathology is accompanied by tingling in the back of the head and other parts of the head, then the reasons lie in psycho-emotional stress. Paresthesia appears when:
- stress;
- delighted;
- overexcitement;
- fear.
If a person has overly sensitive nerves, this can cause an unpleasant symptom. Excessively low air temperature leads to goosebumps on the skin. If there is a lack of B vitamins in the body, a person may also experience this sensation.
Goosebumps occur during sexual arousal. If, against the background of hypothermia, the body temperature rises, this becomes the cause of an unpleasant condition. Often the appearance of goosebumps is observed when you feel unwell. People who experience a loss of strength are at risk.
If the above factors become the cause of goosebumps, then the patient needs to eliminate the influence of the provoking factor. This will eliminate the symptom as quickly as possible.
Characteristics of the condition
The nervous system is divided into central and peripheral sections. The peripheral section includes nerve structures located outside the brain (brain, spinal column). Damage to sensory nerve fibers, which form the basis of many cranial nerves, leads to sensory disturbances. Regardless of the location of the area of damage to the nerve branches, sensory disturbances in the head area may occur.
The feeling of goosebumps running all over your head is often associated with mononeuropathy (damage to a single nerve) or polyneuropathy (damage to several nerve endings). The prevalence of polyneuropathy among the population is 2.4%; among patients over 60 years of age, the pathology is more common (8% of cases). The disease is based on diffuse damage to nerve endings.
Acute, subacute, and chronic forms are distinguished depending on the severity of symptoms and the speed of the disease. With axonopathy, damage occurs to the axial cylinder of the nerve branch; with myelinopathy, the myelin sheath encircling the nerve fiber is destroyed.
Clinically, the pathology is manifested by a sensation of pins and needles on the scalp and in other parts of the body, depending on the area of damage to the sensory fibers. In addition to the appearance of goosebumps, other signs of sensitivity disorder occur - numbness, burning, tingling. A condition where goosebumps run across the face is often associated with neuropathy of the facial nerve.
Diagnosis and treatment
In order to ensure proper treatment of goosebumps on the head, it is necessary to determine the causes of their appearance and the accompanying symptoms (for example, itching of the scalp). Diagnosis requires the use of a variety of methods. First you need to consult a trichologist and dermatologist.
After collecting anamnesis and examining the patient, specialists can make a preliminary diagnosis. To confirm it, it is recommended to use instrumental and laboratory examination methods. Patients are recommended to undergo a biochemical blood test to determine the level of:
- microelements;
- lipids;
- hormones;
- glucose.
The patient also undergoes a general blood and urine test. Patients are recommended to undergo radiography of the cervical spine, neuromyography, and brain tomography. In some cases, rheoencephalography, electrocardiography and ultrasound are prescribed.
Thanks to diagnostic measures, it is possible to develop an effective treatment regimen. When a symptom appears, it is recommended to use:
- vasodilators. With the help of these drugs, blood circulation in the brain improves;
- antihypoxants;
- Angioprotectors. With the help of medications, blood vessels are strengthened and their tone is maintained;
- Statins. The use of drugs is recommended to slow down atherosclerotic processes; vitamins. With their help, tissue trophism and the passage of nerve impulses are improved. It is recommended to take magnesium, potassium, thiamine, and B vitamins.
If the cause of the symptom is diabetic neuropathy, then hypoglycemic medications are necessary. At the same time, diet therapy is used, which consists of excluding foods with a high hypoglycemic index from the diet. There should be short breaks between meals.
A head massage will relieve stress and tension. It can be easily performed by any patient independently.
For multiple sclerosis, it is recommended to treat with B vitamins. Patients are also recommended to undergo immunotherapy. Thanks to these drugs, the excessive activity of auto-aggressive particles that damage nerve tissue is blocked.
