If you feel dizzy and have a headache after a blow, what should you do?

What is the vestibular apparatus

This is a small but rather complex organ, which is located approximately in the center of the head, one of the sections of the auditory system - in the inner ear.

The basis of the vestibular apparatus is made up of spherical and elliptical sacs; they contain domes, the tops of which are represented by an accumulation of crystals of calcium salts. From the apex, ciliated cells diverge in a dome-shaped manner, connected to the endings of nerve fibers.

When a person tilts their head or changes their body position, the hair cells to which the nerve endings are attached also change their position. The nerve fibers receive the corresponding signal, which is transmitted to the visual structures, spinal and cervical regions.

And the entire nervous system coordinates the changed position of the head or neck. With rapid changes in the direction of the body, hair cells begin to rush, signals from nerve endings are confused.

As a result, the balance of the vestibular apparatus is disrupted, and the person feels dizzy.

Signs of a concussion in children

Although the symptoms of a concussion disappear quickly, recovery can take a long time for teenagers and children. The pathological condition in patients in this category can worsen even due to fluent reading.

Doctors say that severe TBI can affect a child's brain activity and development. The patient's condition and symptoms of the disease may become more complicated with subsequent skull injuries several years after the concussion. Changes in the neurophysiology of the brain center are observed most often after the third episode.

Dizziness, nausea after hitting your head - Fighting dizziness

Migraine attacks are a painful condition that requires immediate action. This is especially important if your head hurts after a blow.

Painful sensations indicate damage to the skull and cerebrovascular accidents. If the condition is accompanied by dizziness, bouts of drowsiness, and nausea, a concussion most likely has occurred.

First aid

In case of head injuries, first of all, emergency measures are taken:

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• We kindly ask you NOT to self-medicate, but to make an appointment with a specialist !
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Even if the bruise is minor, it is worth monitoring the condition of the victim for the first 2-3 days, especially if we are talking about a child.

You should carefully wake up a person at night, ask about his health, and assess his adequacy. This will help identify symptoms of serious damage and, if necessary, respond quickly.

If you have a serious head injury, you should call an ambulance. A person’s life often depends on this.

Symptoms of a concussion

If soft areas of the brain or bone tissue of the skull are damaged, doctors determine a concussion. Its symptoms can appear immediately if the blow was strong, the person lost consciousness, there are wounds and abrasions on the head.

Sometimes it is possible to recognize a concussion and its severity a little later, when the following symptoms occur:

• Migraine attacks, with throbbing pain concentrated in the back of the head.
• Dizziness, drowsiness, general fatigue, loss of coordination. In some cases, the victim experiences the opposite, hyperactivity.
• At times, convulsions, short-term memory loss, mental confusion, and photophobia occur.
• After the blow, the pupils narrow or dilate, nausea, and vomiting occur. Different pupil sizes indicate the presence of an internal hematoma.
• Speech disturbances occur, the victim alternately turns pale or crimson, the eyeballs are tense, pain is felt when moving the eyes.

The described symptoms indicate a concussion, and the symptoms can manifest themselves to varying degrees, occur singly or appear together.

The effects of a head impact can take months or years to appear.

They are expressed in pressure drops and migraine attacks, which only medications can calm. A concussion, even a minor one, can become an impetus for the development of brain tumors and other pathological degenerations of soft brain tissue.

Here is a list of tablets for headaches with high blood pressure.

In young and middle-aged people, loss of consciousness more often occurs with a concussion. Older victims are more likely to complain of loss of orientation.

Children are characterized by symptoms such as pale face, rapid heartbeat, and convulsions. A concussion must be treated, otherwise there is a risk of chronic headaches that can only be relieved with medications.

What to do if you have a headache after a blow

In case of injury, bleeding abrasions are treated with hydrogen peroxide or any antiseptic, after which a gauze bandage soaked in furatsilin is placed on the bruised area. For the same purposes, tampons with antibacterial ointments, which are secured with a plaster or bandage, are suitable.

Before the ambulance arrives, the victim is given ice at the site of the injury, rest is ensured, trying to keep the person conscious.

If severe vomiting is observed after an injury, it is necessary to clear the oral cavity of vomit before the doctors arrive to prevent suffocation. In case of a head injury, the body should be in such a position that the head and shoulders are slightly raised, while the neck is fixed.

If the victim does not regain consciousness, it is worth injecting metoclopramide or etamsylate with a sterile syringe. During migraine attacks, you can inject an ampoule of analgin, another pain reliever.

If the skull bones are injured, urgent hospitalization is indicated. With a closed or open craniocerebral injury, a person develops circles under the eyes, blood oozes from the nose and ears.

When the eardrums burst after an impact, large amounts of colorless fluid may leak from the ear canals. At this moment, it is important to ensure peace, immobilize the neck, stop the bleeding, and remove vomit from the mouth. It is important that the person remains conscious and has a heartbeat.

Painkillers

If you have a headache after a blow, after consulting with your doctor, you should take the following medications:

Sources used: nerv.hvatit-bolet.ru

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feeling dizzy after getting hit

A concussion is damage to the bones of the skull or soft tissues, such as brain tissue, blood vessels, nerves, and meninges.

An accident can happen to a person in which he can hit his head on a hard surface, this is precisely what entails such a phenomenon as a “concussion”.

In this case, some disturbances in brain function occur, which do not lead to irreversible consequences.

There is no exact course of all stages of this pathogenic process, but most experts argue that during a concussion, dysfunctions of nerve cells occur: their nutrition deteriorates, a slight displacement of the layers of brain tissue appears, and communication between brain centers collapses. The consequence is the development of multiple microbruises, numerous minute perivascular edema and hemorrhages. In this case, obvious morphological changes and changes on MRI are not observed.

A severe concussion is dangerous because it can cause serious injury to certain areas of the brain or rupture of blood vessels inside the skull.

From such a traumatic brain injury, a person can lose consciousness from a couple of seconds to several minutes. The severity of the concussion is determined by the time spent unconscious. The extreme form is coma.

When the victim comes to, he often does not understand where he is and what happened to him. Sometimes he doesn’t recognize those around him.

The severity of the injury can also be judged by retrograde amnesia: the longer the period of time lost from memory, the more serious the damage.

The appearance of these signs is due to the fact that the vital centers of the brain are affected - the regulation of breathing and cardiovascular activity.

In the first hours or days after a concussion, the victim turns pale, complains of weakness and dizziness, and tinnitus. The headache is pulsating in nature and localized in the back of the head.

Nausea and vomiting may appear, breathing may become faster, and the pulse may change towards faster or slower. Over time, these indicators normalize.

Depending on the injury itself and the accompanying stress factors, blood pressure can either quickly return to normal or rise. Body temperature remains unchanged.

Due to dysfunction of the nerve cells of the brain after a concussion, negative consequences on vision are observed: pain when moving the eyes, difficulty focusing the gaze, constricted or dilated pupils, pupils of different sizes, divergence of the eyeballs when reading.

There may be other symptoms: sweating, flushing, discomfort or sleep disturbances.

During the first two weeks, the general condition of the victim improves. However, it should be borne in mind that health problems can last much longer. For example, headaches in those who suffer from hypertension are particularly intense.

With a concussion, symptoms are largely subjective. They are often determined by the age factor. In infants and young children, concussion occurs without loss of consciousness.

During the impact, the skin (especially the face) turns pale, and the heartbeat quickens. A little later, drowsiness and lethargy appear. When feeding, regurgitation and vomiting occur more often than usual.

Sleep disturbances and general anxiety are noted.

In preschool children, all symptoms of a concussion disappear within two to three days.

Young and middle-aged people lose consciousness at the time of injury much more often than children and the elderly. At the same time, representatives of the older generation exhibit pronounced disorientation in space and time.

Typically, for most people, the neurological symptoms of a mild concussion resolve within a few weeks. However, after any concussion, energy metabolism in the brain remains in an altered state for a long time (a year or longer).

Sources used: otvet.mail.ru

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Question No. 48674

7 days ago I hit the temporal area of ​​my head with a door. I felt sick and my head was ringing. The doctor diagnosed a concussion. I'm worried that the right side of my body is going numb. The blow was from the right side. There is also a ringing in the head and pressure on the temples. What could be the consequences?

Consequences of trauma in adults

Early symptoms of a concussion most often disappear within 2-3 days or weeks, but can persist for a long period of time, accompanied by various complications. In 10-20% of cases, signs of TBI may be present for 2-3 months. Patients over 55 years of age take longer to recover than younger victims.

Factors that can complicate the course of the pathology:

• psychological disorders;
• abuse of smoking, alcohol-containing drinks;
• prolonged depression;
• state of stress;
• associated diseases.

In the future, a concussion can cause decreased mental and physical activity, including loss of temporary memory. This condition, if left untreated, can persist for up to 3 years or more after TBI.

Pain, dizziness and nausea after the blow

Falling while skiing, cycling - there are many ways to get a concussion (CH). Typical symptoms of this condition are: loss of consciousness, memory disturbances, vomiting.

One of the main symptoms is dizziness after hitting your head. Compared to local lesions and skull fractures, during a concussion there is no effect on the brain itself, the skin or cranial bone is not damaged.

But it may be associated with soft tissue injuries to the head or cranial fractures.

Dizziness is almost always present with a concussion. It is caused by a disorder of brain activity, therefore, incorrect processing of signals coming from the equilibrium device.

A concussion is a traumatic brain injury resulting from a disorder of brain activity.

Loss of consciousness, as opposed to dizziness, occurs in less than 10% of concussions. It is not a primary requirement for diagnosing the condition, but is a clear sign of impaired brain activity. Typically, standard brain scans do not detect abnormalities, so conventional scans are not a reliable test for suspected concussions.

A concussion can occur after any blunt trauma to the head. These include:

• blows;
• falls;
• massive pressure from falling objects;
• colliding with other objects, such as a car windshield.

Concussions occur mainly as a result of accidents at home, at work, or in road accidents. In rare cases, they are caused by arbitrary blows.

Manifestations of the condition are typical:

• unconsciousness;
• confusion;
• amnesia;
• disorientation in the area, in time;
• nausea;
• pallor;
• dizziness;
• weakness;
• vomit;
• excessive sleepiness;
• accelerated heartbeat;
• sweating

Short-term unconsciousness after head impact is associated with retrograde amnesia. A person comes out of unconsciousness on his own, but does not remember the immediate moment of injury, some time before it.

Important! Unconsciousness caused by a blow that persists for more than 30 minutes is not SHM, but a more severe disorder.

Manifestations of SHM in adults:

• pain and heaviness in the head;
• ear or nose bleeding;
• unconsciousness;
• darkening under the eyes;
• shallow breathing;
• amnesia;
• disorientation – spatial and temporal;
• confusion;
• dizziness;
• limb weakness;
• difference in pupil size;
• quiet speech;
• sweating;
• accelerated heartbeat;
• pallor.

In a child, symptoms of a concussion may appear some time after the injury, so be vigilant. See if you can wake up your baby at night!

• any of the symptoms described in adults, including dizziness;
• constant crying;
• refusal of food;
• bulging fontanelle (in infants);
• repeated vomiting.

If any of these symptoms occur within 24 hours of a head injury, seek medical attention. Don't expect all the signs to show up! Tell the doctor when the accident occurred, how strong the blow was, and what the child hit.

In older children, brain dysfunction can be further tested by asking some questions. An incorrect answer to any of them is a sign of a concussion or suspicion of one:

• "Where are we now?"
• “What time is it now - before or after lunch?”
• "What was your last lesson?"
• “What is your teacher’s name?”

A primary traumatic brain injury is any injury that occurs during an impact, regardless of damage to the skull. It can take the form of a severe concussion, cerebral contusion, or diffuse axonal damage:

• Contusion. A condition characterized by the death of neurons in certain limited brain tissue, occurring in more severe lesions. Within this lesion, the clinical picture may vary. There is severe dizziness, severe disturbance of consciousness, and sometimes unconsciousness.
• Diffuse axonal damage. It is a very severe disorder, usually with serious, permanent consequences. Unconsciousness almost always occurs, persisting for a long time, followed by severe dizziness and intense headache.

• incomprehensible speech;
• disturbances in movement or coordination;
• visual, auditory, sensory disorders;
• dizziness;
• anxiety;
• confusion;
• unconsciousness;
• unusual behavior;
• ear or nasal bleeding (or discharge of clear fluid);
• pressure and pain in the head;
• vomit;
• changes in pupils, asymmetry;
• swelling of the wound, bruises in the face, deformation of the head, the presence of bone fragments in the wound;
• bruises around the eyes.

In case of serious brain disorders:

• always call an ambulance;
• never wash a heavily bleeding wound;
• never remove foreign objects from the wound;
• never move a person unless absolutely necessary, do not lift him;
• never determine a person’s condition by shaking him;
• never remove your helmet if you suspect serious injury;
• Never allow the victim to drink alcohol.

Indicators indicating a mild concussion:

• brief unconsciousness (not always);
• dizziness;
• instability of walking, poor coordination;
• slight confusion;
• disorientation;
• shocked, blank look;
• increased emotionality, irritability.

Indicators of moderate damage:

• headache;
• dizziness;
• confusion, slowdown;
• visual problems;
• nausea or vomiting;
• fatigue;
• drowsiness;
• feeling of "fog";
• concentration disorders;
• pressure in the head;
• sensitivity to light or noise.

The following warning signs indicate a more serious condition:

• neck stiffness;
• speech and motor disorders;
• long-term headache;
• prolonged dizziness;
• repeated vomiting;
• severe confusion;
• convulsions;
• unusual drowsiness;
• sensitivity of the limbs.

The division of concussion is based on the duration of unconsciousness (i.e., how long the head was dizzy):

• I Art. – seconds, maximum 5 minutes;
• II Art. – up to 15 minutes;
• III Art. – up to 30 minutes;
• Unconsciousness for more than 30 minutes is classified as contusion or diffuse axonal damage.

The main complications are related conditions (intracranial hemorrhage, cranial and spinal fractures, spinal cord injury). Several nonspecific symptoms related to post-concussion syndrome may occur, such as:

• disorder of concentration, attention;
• amnesia;
• constant cephalalgia;
• periodic dizziness;
• fatigue;
• irritability;
• depression.

After a concussion, several disorders, both short-term and long-term, may appear.

Most patients feel well after a few days, but in the first days they are bothered by headaches and dizziness, which are common symptoms after hitting the head.

There are no long-term consequences after a concussion.

Postcommotion syndrome is a late complication of cerebral concussion or contusion, lasting from several days to 3 months.

Epilepsy as a result of TBI is a common consequence. The basis of this association is focal damage to the brain by trauma, which corresponds to more severe forms of lesions.

The main hazards are the associated conditions and disorders caused by damage:

• deterioration of brain activity;
• fracture of the cranial bone;
• disorders of the spine and spinal cord.

A serious complication is intracranial hemorrhage, which has more severe consequences. First symptoms:

• changes in pupils;
• headache;
• dizziness;
• paralysis and/or numbness of the limbs;
• unconsciousness;
• confusion.

During the examination of a patient with suspected concussion:

• the doctor draws up a picture of the events that occurred (preferably if there are witnesses who can report the circumstances of the injury, the duration of the unconscious state);
• in accordance with the traumatic event and clinical condition, the examination is supplemented with auxiliary methods (radiography, CT, neurological consultation - the diagnosis of cerebral contusion is determined by a neurologist);
• CT is indicated in case of different pupil widths, impaired skin sensitivity anywhere on the body, severe headaches, impaired motor ability of the limbs;
• An EEG is performed for a number of reasons.

Most patients remain in the hospital for up to 3 days, rest (in bed), and receive symptomatic medications (antiemetics, painkillers, decongestants, etc.).

Important! If after improvement there is significant symptomatic deterioration (pain, dizziness and other signs), secondary complications of concussion are suspected.

Assistance is based on the person's condition:

• unconscious - treating an external wound, fixing the person in a stabilized position (special care is important due to the risk of injury to the cervical spine);
• in consciousness - position on the back with the head propped up, anti-shock measures; You can't eat or drink anything.

In both cases, call an ambulance.

While waiting for a doctor, the victim should lie with his upper body slightly elevated. If he is unconscious, it is important to control his breathing.

The imaging methods most commonly used in diagnosis cannot reliably detect BMS. Because of this, the doctor is based on the clinical picture and sensations of the patient. Treatment is prescribed in a similar way, the purpose of which is to eliminate the symptoms (pain, dizziness).

During hospitalization, the patient's vital functions are monitored.

The therapeutic basis for concussion (how to treat the condition along with medication) is rest. Due to the possible deterioration of the victim's condition, hospitalization is required, usually not exceeding 3 days.

Despite the absence of symptoms of severe injury, specialized care is needed. You cannot do anything on your own - this is fraught with serious complications.

If a person hits their head, they require evaluation and supervised treatment. Folk remedies can only be used as auxiliary measures, for example, to relieve headaches. Teas made from chamomile, lemon balm, cold or warm compresses will be effective.

The prognosis is good, there are no permanent consequences. The postcommotion syndrome discussed above, which occurs in approximately 50% of patients, should always be carefully examined etiologically. Mostly small localizations occur, most often in the frontobasal region.

Source: https://lechenie.historyam.ru/kruzhitsya-golova/bolit-i-kruzhitsya-golova-i-toshnit-posle-udara/

Signs of a traumatic brain injury

To provide first aid to a victim of a fall or blow, it is necessary to know the symptoms of a concussion. Immediately after injury, only some of the signs of the pathological condition may be present, depending on the severity of the injury.

The most common symptoms:

1. Vomiting, feeling of nausea.
2. Migraine attacks after a concussion.
3. Hyperactivity or depression.
4. Fainting, loss of orientation.
5. Convulsions, dilated pupils (of different sizes).
6. Confusion of phrases.
7. Discomfort from bright light or harsh noise.

Following a blow to the head (which may also involve an unnaturally severe neck movement), such as in a car accident, followed by short-term or long-term impairment of consciousness, a person may experience the following symptoms:

1. The head or neck feels dizzy and hurts (often in the back of the head).
2. Be sick.

It should be taken into account that the sooner the impact is followed by unconsciousness and nausea, the worse the prognosis for a concussion.

X-rays and CT scans are important to rule out bleeding or skull fractures.

The actual symptoms that lead to a diagnosis of a concussion arise from its very definition. The short-term loss of consciousness that occurs after an impact for 30 minutes is divided into 3 stages:

1. From a few seconds to 5 minutes.
2. Up to 15 minutes.
3. Up to 30 minutes.

If after the blow unconsciousness lasts longer than 30 minutes, we are not talking about a concussion, but about a more severe form of brain contusion or cerebral hematoma.

Definition of injury

Injury to the occipital region is considered a dangerous injury that can lead to many unpleasant consequences. It occurs during a fall or impact with a hard object in the skull area. With a strong blow, conditions and complications can develop that can become life-threatening.

It is worth noting! Even with a mild impact on the skull, autoimmune reactions develop in the structure of the tissues of the central nervous system, and neurodegenerative changes are observed.

Head contusions to the back of the head, forehead, and temple cause damage to the tissue of the brain and skull. However, these injuries are difficult to detect during visual examination if there is no damage to the skin. A skull fracture is a life-threatening condition in which there is a change in the morphological state of the gray matter.

First symptoms

People almost always get injured when they fall, and it doesn’t matter in what setting it happened: at home, at work, during sports activities. Often, after a blow, the head hurts, which may already indicate a concussion. In most cases, the injured person loses consciousness for a while and does not remember under what circumstances he was injured.

In an adult

• headache, and not necessarily only at the site of impact;
• you want to sleep too much or, conversely, feel an unusual surge of energy;
• you feel sick and vomit at least once;
• you feel dizzy, coordination of movements is impaired;
• noise in the ears;
• seeing double;
• the pupils have enlarged and taken on a different shape or diameter;
• convulsions appeared;
• you are irritated by bright lights and loud sounds.

The child has

In children, such injuries are even more common than in adults.

• nausea, vomiting;
• the baby spits up too often when feeding;
• a small child has a swollen fontanel;
• the skin is too pale, especially the face;
• the baby cries and is capricious, eats and sleeps poorly;
• there is a slow pulse;
• increased body sweating;
• The child complains that he has a headache.

It is necessary to determine the severity of the injury in order to prescribe effective therapy. There are different types of traumatic brain injuries: mild concussion, moderate concussion, severe concussion. To determine the nature of the damage, special diagnostics are used:

• X-ray;
• ultrasonography;
• neurosonography;
• echo-encephalography;
• CT scan.

Mild concussion

• the head throbs and hurts, dizzy;
• standing hard;
• the skin becomes very pale;
• with a microconcussion there is double vision;
• be sick;
• there is a feeling of weakness;
• the body sweats a lot.

Moderate brain contusion

This type of injury is much less common than the previous one. The following are signs of a moderate concussion:

• fainting, the duration of which is at least a quarter of an hour;
• headache and dizziness;
• nausea accompanied by frequent vomiting attacks;
• severe weakness;
• high blood pressure;
• tachycardia or bradycardia.

Severe traumatic brain injury

This is a very serious injury that requires long-term hospital treatment. Such skull injuries can lead to very dangerous complications. A severe brain injury, the symptoms of which are listed below, can even provoke a long-term coma. Often it disrupts the functioning of all body systems. Signs of a severe concussion:

• prolonged loss of consciousness;
• Visual acuity is impaired, hearing decreases, speech becomes unclear and incoherent;
• memory loss;
• pupils dilate;
• the pulse quickens, the heart rhythm goes astray;
• blood pressure rises;
• possible states of coma, stupor, stupor;
• probable ear bleeding;
• swallowing function is impaired;
• body temperature rises significantly;
• breathing becomes weak and rare.

Causes

A bruise on the back of the head in children and adults can occur due to various reasons. But do not forget that this injury is considered dangerous, it is often life-threatening, and sometimes can lead to serious consequences.

Among the main causes of contusion of the soft tissues of the head are:

1. Road traffic accidents . During accidents, the driver, passenger and pedestrian can injure the back of the head.
2. Domestic injuries . People can often get injured while doing normal tasks around the house or yard. The head can be damaged by falls from a great height (for example, from a ladder, roof, even a chair), or bruises on hard surfaces.
3. Criminal injuries . These include injuries that were received during fights and attacks. Injury can occur from a blow with a fist, foot, or blunt object.
4. Childhood traumatism . A child can get a bruise on the back of the head while playing, while riding a bicycle, down a slide, or on a swing. Infants' heads are very heavy on their bodies, so they can injure them if they fall.
5. Sports . Contusions to the back of the head in children and adults are often observed during sports. The most traumatic sports are considered to be martial arts, cycling, and ski jumping.
6. Production, work . Often a person gets head and neck injuries at work if he does not follow basic safety rules.

Signs, symptoms and diagnosis of concussion

If you experience frequent dizziness, you should start by visiting a neurologist, and then contact an otolaryngologist. At the same time, you will be asked to undergo vestibular tests (caloric test, rotational tests), as well as posturography - a study of the interaction of the visual, vestibular and muscular systems in ensuring balance.

To diagnose a possible disease of the hearing aid, pure tone threshold audiometry and acoustic impedance measurements may be needed; to find out the condition of the blood vessels - ultrasound scanning or computed tomography.

First aid for concussion

Concussion is one of the most common illnesses caused by injury. It should be treated from the very first moment by immediately calling an ambulance or a doctor.

Constantly check that the victim is conscious, do not allow him to fall asleep or move unless necessary, especially if he complains of back pain.

Do not give the victim anything to eat or drink, because without an x-ray or computed tomography it is impossible to clearly say whether the brain or skull is damaged or whether surgery under anesthesia will be required. If there is severe bruising, swelling of the brain or severe bleeding, anesthesia will be required.

If the victim is vomiting, hold him in a position that will prevent aspiration of gastric contents. Before the doctor arrives, constantly monitor his condition!

If the heart rhythm or breathing stops, do not hesitate to start cardiopulmonary resuscitation!

Diagnostic features

If there is a bruise on the back of the head, then you should not self-medicate. It is recommended to immediately call an ambulance, which will take the victim to a medical facility. At the hospital, specialists will conduct an examination, make a diagnosis and select the appropriate treatment.

During diagnosis, the doctor must carry out the following manipulations:

1. First of all, he must find out what complaints the patient has and assess the location of the damage.
2. The doctor must evaluate the color of the hematoma and its size.
3. Palpation reveals the presence of fluctuations, pain in the damaged area, and the tense state of the hematoma under the skin.
4. If there is a suspicion of damage to the bone tissue of the skull, then radiography is performed in two projections.
5. In severe cases, CT and MRI may be required.

A blood test is performed in the hospital. It is used to determine the concentration of glucose and electrolytes and coagulability. In some cases, a lumbar puncture may be required. It allows you to confirm intracranial bleeding and exclude possible infectious lesions of the central nervous system.

Complications of a concussion

A concussion and its consequences can vary depending on the severity of the injury. Repeated injuries cause a disorder that is characteristic of boxers and patients who are periodically exposed to TBI due to their professional activities (athletes, rock climbers, rescuers).

Encephalopathy (post-traumatic) is manifested by a slight lag in the movements of one lower limb, staggering, and loss of balance. Some patients experience lethargy, confusion, mental abnormalities, tremors of the legs, arms and head.

The consequences of a concussion can be quite severe and also dangerous to human health, therefore, in case of TBI, you must immediately contact a traumatologist. Such complications include:

1. Inappropriate reaction to alcohol or an infectious disease. In alcohol intoxication due to viral pathology, the patient experiences clouding of consciousness and various mental abnormalities.
2. Vascular disorders. Main symptoms: constant migraine attacks, the intensity of which increases with physical activity and is manifested by dizziness, pale skin, increased sweating, and fatigue.
3. Irritability, outbursts of rage, emotionality. Aggression is followed by repentance, and the patient becomes ashamed in front of others for his behavior.
4. Convulsions as a consequence of traumatic brain injury, reminiscent of epileptic seizures. Paranoia, when a person is constantly haunted by fears and anxiety.
5. Rare complications of TBI include hallucinations, psychosis, distorted perception of reality, and delusions. Sometimes mental disorders can cause dementia, which is characterized by serious disorders of memory, thinking, apathy towards everyone, and loss of orientation.

Postconcussion syndrome is diagnosed more often than other symptoms. The pathological condition can manifest itself several days, months or years after the concussion with unbearable, sudden migraine attacks, dizziness, insomnia and anxiety, and difficulty concentrating.

Severe head injury, dizziness and nausea

If a head injury occurs, it is important to immediately begin rehabilitation measures at home, which will help prevent serious complications - intracranial hemorrhages, swelling and dislocation of brain structures.

If a person falls and hits their head hard, the consequences can range from a mild concussion to coma and death. Statistics show that the prevalence of head injuries is about 200 cases per 100 thousand population annually. For 30% of patients, brain damage is fatal.

Every year, severe head injuries and associated disorders of vital and brain functions lead to the death of 1.5 million people in the world. Another 2.5 million people become disabled.

Stress prevention

If you notice that stress causes dizziness, tachycardia, and pressure surges, the only way out of this situation is to eliminate the cause of the tense state.

Avoid, if possible, communicating with people who make you worry and drive you to a nervous breakdown. Or, as a last resort, keep such communication to a minimum.

Walk outdoors more often. Walking has a strengthening effect on the heart and blood vessels; fresh air will improve the nervous system. The sun's rays will promote the production of the hormone of joy - serotonin. Learn to enjoy life, try to see the positive even where there seems to be none.

HOW IS TREATMENT HAPPENED AFTER SEVERE TBI?

After a severe traumatic brain injury, the patient may need surgery to remove a hematoma, contusion, or blood clots in the brain. With open fractures of the skull, removal of its individual parts, as well as foreign objects, is required. Standards of treatment for TBI

after severe injuries are especially strict. This requires the additional use of new rehabilitation technologies, which are available only in a few centers:

Read: 5 technologies that improve efficiency and rehabilitation time

Prognosis for recovery after severe brain injury

With severe brain injuries, only 33% of patients regain the ability to walk, talk and work. Every 6th patient remains with disabled status. Half of the patients require ongoing support and care from loved ones after completion of treatment. About 10% of patients remain in a vegetative state. At the Israeli Levinshtein Center, the percentage of successful rehabilitation of patients with TBI is twice as high as in the world.